Effective responses to rapid environmental change rely on observations to inform planning and decision-making. Reviewing literature from 124 programs across the globe and analyzing survey data for 30 Arctic community-based monitoring programs, we compare top-down, large-scale program driven approaches with bottom-up approaches initiated and steered at the community level. Connecting these two approaches and linking to Indigenous and local knowledge yields benefits including improved information products and enhanced observing program efficiency and sustainability. We identify core principles central to such improved links: matching observing program aims, scales, and ability to act on information; matching observing program and community priorities; fostering compatibility in observing methodology and data management; respect of Indigenous intellectual property rights and the implementation of free, prior, and informed consent; creating sufficient organizational support structures; and ensuring sustained community members’ commitment. Interventions to overcome challenges in adhering to these principles are discussed.

中文翻译：

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在环境观测中连接自上而下和自下而上的方法

对快速环境变化的有效反应依赖于观察来为规划和决策提供信息。我们回顾了来自全球 124 个项目的文献并分析了 30 个基于北极社区的监测项目的调查数据，我们将自上而下、大规模项目驱动的方法与在社区层面发起和引导的自下而上的方法进行了比较。将这两种方法联系起来并与土著和地方知识联系起来会产生好处，包括改进信息产品和提高观测计划的效率和可持续性。我们确定了这种改进链接的核心原则：匹配观测计划的目标、规模和对信息采取行动的能力；匹配观测计划和社区优先事项；促进观测方法和数据管理的兼容性；尊重土著知识产权和实施自由、事先和知情同意；创建足够的组织支持结构；并确保社区成员的持续承诺。讨论了在坚持这些原则方面克服挑战的干预措施。