Key message

Spanish black pine showed greater resilience and resistance, but generally lower recovery to drought events in managed than in unmanaged forest stands under Mediterranean humid climate.

Abstract

Drought negative effects on forest ecosystems are projected to increase under global warming all over the world. In this context, forest management can be an effective option for reducing drought impacts and increasing tree growth stability to extreme drought events. Here, we aim to evaluate black pine (Pinus nigra subsp. salzmannii) growth response to climatic variability and drought events in managed and unmanaged stands under similar Mediterranean climatic conditions. Drought events were identified using long-term climatic data, and basal area increments were calculated for 100–120-year old trees cored in managed and unmanaged plots. Results showed that tree size, temperature, and the interaction between management treatment and water availability significantly influenced tree growth. Basal area increment was reduced in response to the 1983, 1991, 1994‒1995, 1999–2000 and 2005 drought events. Trees in managed plots showed lower growth reductions in response to drought than those located in unmanaged plots, probably experiencing higher competition for soil water, whereas the reverse happened under wet climate conditions. Black pines showed greater resilience and resistance, but generally lower recovery to drought events in managed than in unmanaged stands. Our results suggest that forest management enhances drought tolerance in black pine stands, which may help to ameliorate the negative impacts of global warming across Mediterranean forest ecosystems.

中文翻译：

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长期森林管理推动地中海黑松林的抗旱能力

关键信息

西班牙黑松显示出更大的复原力和抵抗力，但与地中海湿润气候下未管理的林分相比，有管理的林木对干旱事件的恢复通常要低。

抽象的

在全球变暖的情况下，干旱对森林生态系统的负面影响预计会增加。在这种情况下，森林管理可以成为减少干旱影响和增加树木生长稳定性以应对极端干旱事件的有效选择。在这里，我们旨在评估黑松（黑松亚种salzmannii）在相似的地中海气候条件下，有管理和无管理林分对气候变化和干旱事件的生长响应。使用长期的气候数据来识别干旱事件，并计算以管理和非管理地块为核心的100-120年龄树木的基础面积增加量。结果表明，树木的大小，温度以及管理措施和水分供应之间的相互作用会显着影响树木的生长。响应1983年，1991年，1994-1995年，1999-2000年和2005年的干旱事件，基础面积的增加减少了。与非管理地块相比，管理地块上的树木对干旱的减缓作用要低一些，可能与土壤水竞争加剧，而在潮湿气候条件下则相反。黑松树显示出更大的弹性和抵抗力，但一般而言，受管理的林分对干旱事件的恢复率要低于未受管理的林分。我们的结果表明，森林管理可以提高黑松林分的耐旱性，这可能有助于缓解全球变暖对地中海森林生态系统的负面影响。