Emotional intelligence (EI) is considered a determinant of sports performance. Two opposing perspectives have been discussed in the theoretical discourse on EI: EI as an ability versus EI as a trait, both widely differing in content and method of assessment. Previous applied sport psychology research is characterized by a heterogeneous use of different conceptualizations and measurements of EI. However, evidence for the superiority of an EI concept does not exist. This study directly compares the ability and trait EI concepts in the relationship with athletic performance. An online survey was conducted (response rate = 19%). Participants completed the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test, the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Short Form, a list of questions about biographical information as well as information related to sports performance and sport participation. We used regression analyses and controlled type of sports to investigate how sports performance is influenced by EI. Trait EI positively predicted self-assessment of athletes’ performance (B = 1.02; p < 0.01) whereby ability EI did not predict any outcome of sports performance. The effect of trait EI was independent of the ability EI. Overall, the result indicates some evidence for the superiority of the trait EI in applied sports psychology.

中文翻译：

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特质和能力的情绪智力及其对运动员运动成绩的影响

情绪智力（EI）被认为是运动表现的决定因素。在关于EI的理论论述中，讨论了两种相反的观点：EI是一种能力，而EI是一种特征，两者在内容和评估方法上都大相径庭。先前的应用运动心理学研究的特点是对EI的不同概念和测量方法的异质使用。但是，不存在EI概念优越性的证据。这项研究直接比较了能力和特质EI概念与运动成绩之间的关系。进行了在线调查（答复率= 19％）。参加者完成了Mayer-Salovey-Caruso情绪智力测验，特质情绪智力问卷简表，有关传记信息以及与运动表现和运动参与有关的信息的问题列表。我们使用回归分析和受控运动类型来研究EI如何影响运动表现。特质EI积极预测运动员的自我评估（B = 1.02;p <0.01），其中能力EI不能预测运动表现的任何结果。特质EI的影响与能力EI无关。总体而言，该结果表明了特质EI在应用体育心理学中的优越性。