Skyrmions and antiskyrmions are topologically protected spin structures with opposite vorticities. Particularly in coexisting phases, these two types of magnetic quasi-particles may show fascinating physics and potential for spintronic devices. While skyrmions are observed in a wide range of materials, until now antiskyrmions were exclusive to materials with D_2d symmetry. In this work, we show first and second-order antiskyrmions stabilized by magnetic dipole–dipole interaction in Fe/Gd-based multilayers. We modify the magnetic properties of the multilayers by Ir insertion layers. Using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy imaging, we observe coexisting antiskyrmions, Bloch skyrmions, and type-2 bubbles and determine the range of material properties and magnetic fields where the different spin objects form and dissipate. We perform micromagnetic simulations to obtain more insight into the studied system and conclude that the reduction of saturation magnetization and uniaxial magnetic anisotropy leads to the existence of this zoo of different spin objects and that they are primarily stabilized by dipolar interaction.

斯格明子和反斯格明子是具有相反涡旋的拓扑保护自旋结构。特别是在共存相中，这两种类型的磁性准粒子可能会表现出令人着迷的物理特性和自旋电子器件的潜力。虽然斯格明子在多种材料中都可以观察到，但到目前为止，反斯格明子仅存在于具有 D_二维对称性的材料中。在这项工作中，我们展示了铁/钆基多层膜中通过磁偶极-偶极相互作用稳定的一阶和二阶反斯格明子。我们通过 Ir 插入层来改变多层膜的磁性。使用洛伦兹透射电子显微镜成像，我们观察了共存的反斯格明子、布洛赫斯格明子和 2 型气泡，并确定了不同自旋物体形成和消散的材料特性和磁场范围。我们进行了微磁模拟，以更深入地了解所研究的系统，并得出结论，饱和磁化强度和单轴磁各向异性的减少导致了不同自旋物体的存在，并且它们主要通过偶极相互作用而稳定。