Abstract

This study encompasses the history, definition, and implementation of merit pay to identify the variables that affect student achievement and teacher retention. By reviewing 13 studies on American education relevant to the policy, this study aims to determine how merit pay influenced student achievement and teacher retention rates. In the United States of America (USA), merit pay effectively improves student achievement and teacher retention rates under certain circumstances. However, this policy could also be ineffectual. An analysis of a review of 13 studies identified the variables that affected student achievement and teacher retention. These include year, location, policy duration, merit pay type, students’ grade level, and participating teachers’ ethnicities. The conclusions drawn from this study suggest implementing an institutionalized evaluation system that fosters the individual growth of students and teachers and an American educational administration that considers each school’s needs and situations to increase the merit pay policy’s effectiveness and fairness.

摘要

这项研究涵盖了绩效薪酬的历史，定义和实施方式，以识别影响学生成绩和教师留任率的变量。通过审查13项与该政策有关的美国教育研究，本研究旨在确定绩效工资如何影响学生的学习成绩和教师保留率。在美利坚合众国（美国），在某些情况下，绩效工资有效地提高了学生的学习成绩和教师留任率。但是，此政策也可能无效。通过对13项研究的回顾分析，发现了影响学生学习成绩和教师留任率的变量。其中包括年份，地点，保单期限，绩效工资类型，学生的年级水平和参与教师的种族。