Abstract

The spin-orbit-coupled (SOC) ultracold atomic gases provide unique opportunities for exploring exotic quantum phases and introduce new capabilities into the quantum simulation. In this paper, we study the coherent control of spin states in SOC Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) by exploiting and implementing the general concept of Landau–Zener–Stüeckelberg–Majorana (LZSM) interference. For a SOC BEC, the Landau–Zener (LZ) transition between the dressed eigenlevels occurs as the BEC is accelerated through the SOC-avoided crossing, which corresponds to a breakdown of the spin momentum locking. In our scheme, two LZ pulses are separated by an intermediate holding period of variable duration. The nice LZSM interference patterns can be generated and controlled by controlling several parameters, corresponding to coherent control of the spin state of the SOC BEC. In particular, the destructive and constructive patterns of LZSM interference are observed and well explained through analytical analysis. Our results suggest a potential application of the LZSM interferometry in calibrating the spin states of a SOC BEC.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

---

自旋轨道耦合的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚物的兰道-泽纳-施蒂克贝格-马约拉纳干涉

摘要

自旋轨道耦合（SOC）超冷原子气体为探索奇异的量子相提供了独特的机会，并将新功能引入了量子模拟。在本文中，我们通过利用和实现Landau-Zener-Stüeckelberg-Majorana（LZSM）干扰的一般概念，研究了SOC Bose-Einstein凝结水（BEC）中自旋态的相干控制。对于SOC BEC，当BEC通过避免SOC的交叉加速时，发生了修整的特征级之间的Landau-Zener（LZ）过渡，这对应于自旋动量锁定的崩溃。在我们的方案中，两个LZ脉冲由可变持续时间的中间保持周期分隔开。可以通过控制几个参数来生成和控制不错的LZSM干扰方向图，对应于SOC BEC自旋状态的相干控制。特别是，观察到LZSM干扰的破坏性和建设性模式，并通过分析分析得到了很好的解释。我们的结果表明，LZSM干涉测量技术在校准SOC BEC的自旋状态方面有潜在的应用。

图形摘要