Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major public health issue, and the aim of the present study was to identify the factors associated with GDM. Databases were searched for observational studies until August 20, 2020. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models. 103 studies involving 1,826,454 pregnant women were identified. Results indicated that years (OR: 2.466, 95% CI: (2.121, 2.866)), prepregnancy overweight or obese (OR: 2.637, 95% CI: (1.561, 4.453)), family history of diabetes (FHD) (OR: 2.326, 95% CI: (1.904, 2.843)), history of GDM (OR: 21.137, 95% CI: (8.785, 50.858)), macrosomia (OR: 2.539, 95% CI: (1.612, 4.000)), stillbirth (OR: 2.341, 95% CI: (1.435, 3.819)), premature delivery (OR: 3.013, 95% CI: (1.569, 5.787)), and pregestational smoking (OR: 2.322, 95% CI: (1.359, 3.967)) increased the risk of GDM with all , whereas history of congenital anomaly and abortion, and HIV status showed no correlation with GDM (). Being primigravida (OR: 0.752, 95% CI: (0.698, 0.810), ) reduced the risk of GDM. The factors influencing GDM included , prepregnancy overweight or obese, FHD, history of GDM, macrosomia, stillbirth, premature delivery, pregestational smoking, and primigravida.

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与妊娠糖尿病相关的因素：荟萃分析

妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM) 是一个主要的公共卫生问题，本研究的目的是确定与 GDM 相关的因素。在 2020 年 8 月 20 日之前，在数据库中搜索观察性研究。使用固定或随机效应模型计算汇总优势比 (OR)。确定了 103 项研究，涉及 1,826,454 名孕妇。结果表明 年（OR：2.466，95% CI：（2.121，2.866）），孕前超重或肥胖（OR：2.637，9​​5% CI：（1.561，4.453）），糖尿病家族史（FHD）（OR：2.326，95） % CI：（1.904，2.843）），GDM 病史（OR：21.137，95% CI：（8.785，50.858）），巨大儿（OR：2.539，95% CI：（1.612，4.000）：），死胎2.341, 95% CI: (1.435, 3.819)), 早产 (OR: 3.013, 95% CI: (1.569, 5.787)) 和孕前吸烟 (OR: 2.322, 95% CI: (1.359, 3.96)) 增加GDM 的风险与所有 ，而先天性异常和流产史以及 HIV 状态与 GDM 没有相关性（）。初产妇 (OR: 0.752, 95% CI: (0.698, 0.810),)降低了 GDM 的风险。影响 GDM 的因素包括、孕前超重或肥胖、FHD、GDM 病史、巨大儿、死产、早产、孕前吸烟和初产妇。