Scratch cards (SCs) or tickets are lottery-based games which are played by scratching to reveal numbers, letters or symbols to win prizes. Such activities have sometimes been likened to paper-based slot-machines, but relatively little systematic analyses have been conducted to examine the risk or harm associated with these activities. In this paper, we provide a narrative review of the peer-reviewed literature relating to the potential association between SCs and problem gambling and what is known from publically available data sources (e.g., prevalence studies and treatment data). Evidence is analysed within the context of the Bradford Hill Criteria. Both prevalence and peer reviewed literature suggest that SCs are less strongly associated with problem gambling than most other gambling activities. We argue that this difference is due to the nature of the products. SC gambling differs from slot-machine gambling in a number of structural ways; it is less continuous; has a slower event frequency; and, emerging literature suggests that near-miss design features are unlikely to have a significant impact upon behaviour. Thus, in our view, and based on the empirical evidence, it appears that earlier parallels between SCs and slot-machines now appear more tenuous. Nevertheless, we encourage further investigation into the potential impact of new and emerging online lottery products because of the more immersive, faster and more technology-based nature of these products.

刮刮卡 (SC) 或彩票是基于彩票的游戏，通过刮擦以显示数字、字母或符号来赢得奖品。此类活动有时被比作纸质老虎机，但很少进行系统分析来检查与这些活动相关的风险或危害。在本文中，我们对与 SC 与问题赌博之间的潜在关联以及从公开可用数据源（例如，流行率研究和治疗数据）中获悉的内容相关的同行评审文献进行了叙述性审查。证据在布拉德福德希尔标准的背景下进行分析。流行率和同行评审的文献都表明，与大多数其他赌博活动相比，SCs 与问题赌博的关联性较低。我们认为这种差异是由于产品的性质造成的。SC 赌博在许多结构上不同于老虎机赌博；它不太连续；具有较慢的事件频率；并且，新出现的文献表明，险些的设计特征不太可能对行为产生重大影响。因此，在我们看来，根据经验证据，SC 和老虎机之间的早期相似之处现在似乎更加脆弱。尽管如此，我们鼓励对新出现的在线彩票产品的潜在影响进行进一步调查，因为这些产品更具沉浸感、更快和更基于技术的特性。新兴文献表明，未遂设计特征不太可能对行为产生重大影响。因此，在我们看来，根据经验证据，SC 和老虎机之间的早期相似之处现在似乎更加脆弱。尽管如此，我们鼓励对新出现的在线彩票产品的潜在影响进行进一步调查，因为这些产品更具沉浸感、更快和更基于技术的特性。新兴文献表明，未遂设计特征不太可能对行为产生重大影响。因此，在我们看来，根据经验证据，SC 和老虎机之间的早期相似之处现在似乎更加脆弱。尽管如此，我们鼓励对新出现的在线彩票产品的潜在影响进行进一步调查，因为这些产品更具沉浸感、更快和更基于技术的特性。