The purpose of this study is to explore the degree and spatial distribution of dust heavy metal pollution in Tianshui City, the health risks, and the sources of heavy metals. The geoaccumulation index and health risk assessment are used to study pollution levels and human health risks, and Cu, Zn, and Pb pollution are found to be serious. The total exposure of children to dust and heavy metals is 8.329 × 10⁻³ mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹, which is 4.66 times that of adults. The effect of carcinogenic heavy metal exposure is more significant for adults than for children. The total non-carcinogenic risk quotient to children via multiple pathways is 2.1690, which is higher than that of adults. Children’s Pb non-carcinogenic risk quotient is 4.79 times that of adults, and children are more sensitive than adults to the health risks of Pb pollution. The GeoDetector and Unmix 6.0 models are used for source analysis, revealing that Zn, Pb, and As pollution originate primarily from urban transportation systems, V is sourced from soil-forming parent materials, and Mn, Ni, Cu, and Co arise from mixed sources. Therefore, the treatment of heavy metal pollution in cities needs to focus more on the urban transportation system.

中文翻译：

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天水市粉尘中重金属污染的健康风险及来源分析

本研究的目的是探讨天水市粉尘重金属污染的程度和空间分布，健康风险以及重金属的来源。地积累指数和健康风险评估用于研究污染水平和人类健康风险，并且发现铜，锌和铅的污染很严重。儿童对灰尘和重金属的总暴露为8.329×10 ^-3 mg·kg ^-1 ·d ^-1，这是成人的4.66倍。对成年人而言，致癌性重金属暴露的影响比对儿童的影响更大。通过多种途径对儿童的总非致癌风险商为2.1690，高于成年人。儿童的铅非致癌风险商数是成年人的4.79倍，并且儿童比成年人对铅污染的健康风险更为敏感。使用GeoDetector和Unmix 6.0模型进行源分析，结果表明Zn，Pb和Co污染主要来自城市交通系统，V则来自形成土壤的母体，而Mn，Ni，Cu和Co则来自于混合土壤。资料来源。因此，城市重金属污染的处理需要更多地集中在城市交通系统上。