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Insights into the structure and surface geology of balanced and retrodeformed geological cross sections from the Nizampur basin, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s13202-021-01180-8
Muhammad Yaseen , Muhammad Shahab , Zeeshan Ahmad , Rehman Khan , Syed Farhan Ali Shah , Abbas Ali Naseem

The current research work is an attempt to apply the basic geological procedures, methods of geological mapping, surface and subsurface interpretation and restoration of balanced and retrodeformed cross sections from the Nizampur basin, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The work also includes the documentation of several surface structural features, i.e., anticlines, synclines and different types of folds and faults exposed in the vicinity of study area. Four central thrust faults were recognized named as Kahi Thrusts along the cross sections. These thrust faults carried the older sequences of rocks over the younger sequences in different portion along the measured cross section. The folded and faulted rocks in the area show that stratigraphic framework comprises of Eocene, Paleocene, Cretaceous and Jurassic succession of rocks. There are Eocene rocks existing in the extreme South of the mapped area with addition of older Cretaceous and Jurassic succession and contains simple and large-scale folds, faults and back thrust. Two structural transect were mapped which encounter different folds and faults, i.e., X-sections AB oriented NS and CD oriented NE-SW. Restoration of the structural transects was calculated and assumed that at the formation of Main Boundary Thrust, the study area was exposed to the tectonic forces which prognosticated 19.5% shortening in rock sequences from Jurassic to Eocene succession along the measured cross section A_B.



中文翻译:

洞悉巴基斯坦开伯尔·普赫图赫瓦(Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)尼桑普尔盆地(Nizampur Basin)平衡和反变形地质剖面的结构和地表地质

当前的研究工作是尝试运用基本的地质程序,地质制图方法,地表和地下解释以及巴基斯坦开伯尔·帕赫图赫瓦(Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)尼桑普尔盆地的平衡断面和反变形断面的复原。该工作还包括一些表面结构特征的文档,即背斜线,向斜线以及研究区域附近暴露的不同类型的褶皱和断层。沿断面识别出四个中央逆冲断层,称为Kahi逆冲断层。这些逆断层沿着测量的横截面在不同部分携带了较老的岩层序列,而较年轻的岩层序列。该地区的褶皱断层岩体表明,地层构架包括始新世,古新世,白垩纪和侏罗纪的岩性。在测绘区的最南端存在始新世岩石,外加较老的白垩纪和侏罗纪演替,并且包含简单且大规模的褶皱,断层和反推力。绘制了两个遇到不同褶皱和断层的构造断面,即X剖面AB定向的NS和CD定向的NE-SW。计算结构断面的恢复,并假定在主边界推力形成时,研究区域受到构造力的影响,该构造力预示了沿着测量断面A_B从侏罗纪到始新世演替的岩石序列缩短了19.5%。绘制了两个遇到不同褶皱和断层的构造断面,即X剖面AB定向的NS和CD定向的NE-SW。计算结构断面的恢复,并假定在主边界推力形成时,研究区域受到构造力的影响,该构造力预示了沿着测量断面A_B从侏罗纪到始新世演替的岩石序列缩短了19.5%。绘制了两个遇到不同褶皱和断层的构造断面,即X剖面AB指向NS和CD指向NE-SW。计算结构断面的恢复,并假定在主边界推力形成时,研究区域受到构造力的影响,该构造力预示了沿着测量断面A_B从侏罗纪到始新世演替的岩石序列缩短了19.5%。

更新日期:2021-05-09
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