Additive Manufacturing concentrates the attention, not only of the research and academic community, but of the industry as well. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) are among the broadest employed methods in AM, since they can treat almost all types of materials. Along with the extensive experimental research that is carried out regarding SLS and SLM, modeling and simulation are powerful tools allowing better and more in depth understanding of the processes. Nevertheless, there is no general framework in modeling, but mainly studies and proposed modeling approaches. The current paper reviews modeling methods and techniques that in literature are presented for the simulation of SLM and SLS. Besides the Finite Element Method, which is the most common method used, other numerical methods like Discrete Element Method, Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics and Molecular Dynamics have been overviewed as well. The heat transfer and fluid dynamics models consist the main core of every simulation, while other sub-models are integrated to estimate parameters like residual stresses, part deformation, material microstructure, or crystallization. The main scope of the current paper is to provide a comprehensive and detailed review on the modeling and simulation of SLS/SLM and to inform the reader concerning the different modeling strategies.

增材制造不仅引起研究和学术界的关注，而且也引起整个行业的关注。选择性激光熔化（SLM）和选择性激光烧结（SLS）是AM中应用最广泛的方法之一，因为它们可以处理几乎所有类型的材料。除了对SLS和SLM进行的广泛实验研究之外，建模和仿真是功能强大的工具，可让您更好，更深入地了解过程。尽管如此，建模中没有通用的框架，但主要是研究和提出的建模方法。当前的论文回顾了在文献中介绍的用于SLM和SLS仿真的建模方法和技术。除了最常用的有限元法外，其他数值方法（例如离散元法），还概述了平滑粒子的流体动力学和分子动力学。传热和流体动力学模型是每个模拟的主要核心，而其他子模型则集成在一起以估算参数，例如残余应力，零件变形，材料微结构或结晶。本文的主要范围是对SLS / SLM的建模和仿真提供全面而详细的评论，并向读者介绍不同的建模策略。