The effectiveness of vegetation coverage in mitigating human heat stress and improving thermal comfort of spaces is indispensable. Outdoor spaces of academic courtyard buildings are not merely used for educational objectives; whereas a wide range of social activities are occurring in their courtyard environments. Tree cover is proposed as a passive strategy to improve thermal and microclimatic conditions as well as energy efficiency of buildings. In present paper, the impact of tree-configuration and species on the indoor and outdoor thermal comfort and energy demand of courtyard buildings is studied using the field measurements and numerical simulation methods. An integrated approach of ENVI-met and DesignBuilder is adopted to simulate two actual courtyard buildings, with and without trees, located at the Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU) campus in Qazvin, Iran. The numerical methods are validated through comparing the observed and simulated parameters (indoor and outdoor) of both buildings during the shortest and longest days of the year (June 21st and December 21st of 2018). The local trees provide the most particular protected microclimate in the courtyard space. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in the mean Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) during the cold and warm periods of the year. This paper also shows that the deciduous and coniferous trees that located in the vicinity of the internal thermal zones, decrease annual energy demand and the number of discomfort hours from April to October.

植被覆盖在减轻人类热应力和改善空间热舒适性方面的有效性是必不可少的。学术庭院建筑物的室外空间不仅用于教育目的；而在他们的庭院环境中发生了各种各样的社交活动。树木被提议作为一种被动策略，以改善建筑物的热和微气候条件以及能源效率。本文通过实地测量和数值模拟方法研究了树型和树种对庭院建筑室内外热舒适性和能源需求的影响。采用ENVI-met和DesignBuilder的集成方法来模拟位于伊玛目的两座实际的有树木和无树木的庭院建筑伊朗加兹温的霍梅尼国际大学（IKIU）校园。通过比较一年中最短和最长的一天（2018年6月21日和12月21日）两座建筑物的观测参数和模拟参数（室内和室外）来验证数值方法。当地的树木在庭院空间提供了最特别的受保护的微气候。结果表明，一年中的寒冷和温暖期间，平均生理等效温度（PET）有了显着改善。本文还表明，位于内部热区附近的落叶和针叶树减少了每年的能源需求，并减少了4月至10月的不适时间。