The manuscript represents an innovative frequency reconfigurable metamaterial-based microstrip patch antenna. The proposed structure provides frequency tunability for multiple bands by using a PIN diode as a switch. The performance of the proposed antenna structure is simulated, fabricate, and compared for copper and liquid (water-sea) based split-ring resonator (SRR). The tooth is added to the outer of the split-ring resonator for gain enhancement and better frequency tunability. Frequency tunability is achieved by connecting the patch antenna with a PIN diode that reduces the size of the antenna. Five switching modes (all switch off, one switch on, two switches on, three switch on and all switch off) of the proposed antenna structure is presented and their reflectance response (s₁₁), the number of bands, bandwidth, directivity, and total gain is compared for copper and liquid (water-sea) structure with and without a tooth. Results of Fabricated structure and simulated also compared. Frequency tunability is observed for a range of 3 GHz to 9 GHz. The proposed antenna is useful for a weather forecast, satellite communication, and raw satellite feed and many more.

该手稿代表了一种创新的基于频率可重构的基于超材料的微带贴片天线。所提出的结构通过使用PIN二极管作为开关，为多个频带提供了频率可调性。针对基于铜和液体（水-海）的开口环谐振器（SRR），对拟议的天线结构的性能进行了仿真，制造和比较。齿被添加到开口环谐振器的外部，以增强增益并改善频率可调性。通过将贴片天线与PIN二极管连接可实现频率可调性，从而减小了天线的尺寸。提出了拟议天线结构的五种切换模式（全部关闭，一次打开，两次打开，三次打开且全部关闭），并且它们的反射率响应（s ₁₁），比较了带齿和不带齿的铜和液体（水-海）结构的频带数，带宽，方向性和总增益。并对结构化结果和模拟结果也进行了比较。在3 GHz至9 GHz的范围内观察到了频率可调性。拟议中的天线可用于天气预报，卫星通信，原始卫星馈送等等。