High-temperature SiO₂-rich springs are one of the most indicative manifestations of deep geothermal activities. Although they often represent the valuable geothermal potentials and significances of the areas, their high SiO₂ contents usually bring some non-negligible problems when we exploit the geothermal resources, especially the silica scales. To understand the sedimentation sequences of SiO₂-rich hot springs and to expose its potential relationships with natural sinter deposits and silica scales in geothermal plants, this study make a couple of analyses of the water and solid samples collected from a natural SiO₂-rich hot spring in Tengchong (i.e. Dagunguo spring) and isothermal evaporation experiments, including water chemistry analyses, X-ray diffraction, thin-section observation, and electron microscopy analyses. The modern sinters in Dagunguo spring are amorphous SiO₂ which is largely formed of tight siliceous layers and some amorphous SiO₂ spheres. Some silicified microorganisms, elemental sulfur, and clay are also found. The Dagunguo spring water is Na–Cl–HCO₃-type SiO₂-rich water, with a pH of about 8 and low dissolved concentrations of Al³⁺, Fe³⁺ and Mg²⁺. Isothermal evaporation (T = 84 °C) resulted in a sequence of precipitated minerals: amorphous SiO₂ → halite → sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate (trona) → potassium chloride (sylvine), accompanied by calcite, hydrous sodium sulfate (mirabilite) and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). The amorphous SiO₂ produced in the evaporation experiments exhibited different shapes and structures than the spherical opal-A formed by hot spring water precipitation under natural conditions. The study of precipitation sequence and minerals of hot spring water provides insight into the scaling mechanism of silica-rich geothermal water and anti-scaling measures that can be applied in the process of exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources.

富含SiO ₂的高温弹簧是深层地热活动最有代表性的表现之一。尽管它们通常代表了该地区的宝贵地热潜力和意义，但是当我们开发地热资源时，尤其是二氧化硅垢，它们的高SiO ₂含量通常会带来一些不可忽略的问题。为了了解富含SiO _2的温泉的沉积顺序，并揭示其与地热工厂中天然烧结矿和二氧化硅垢的潜在关系，本研究对从天然SiO ₂收集的水和固体样品进行了两次分析。腾冲富饶的温泉（即达古国温泉）和等温蒸发实验，包括水化学分析，X射线衍射，薄层观察和电子显微镜分析。达古国温泉的现代烧结矿是非晶态的SiO ₂，它主要由致密的硅质层和一些非晶态的SiO ₂球形成。还发现了一些硅化微生物，元素硫和粘土。达贡果泉水是Na–Cl–HCO ₃型SiO ₂富集水，pH约为8，且Al ³⁺，Fe ³⁺和Mg ^2+的溶解浓度较低。等温蒸发（T = 84°C）产生一系列沉淀的矿物质：无定形SiO ₂  →盐岩→倍半碳酸钠二水合物（天然碱）→氯化钾（西尔维纳），伴随有方解石，含水硫酸钠（芒硝）和碳酸氢钠（小苏打）。蒸发实验中产生的无定形SiO ₂与天然条件下温泉水沉淀形成的球形蛋白石A相比，具有不同的形状和结构。对温泉水的沉淀序列和矿物质的研究为深入了解富含二氧化硅的地热水的结垢机理和可用于地热资源开发和利用的防结垢措施提供了参考。