Unique bacterial associations were formed in the polluted soils from territory of the industrial factories Open Joint Stock Company “The Middle Volga Chemical Plant,” Chapaevsk, Russia and Open Joint Stock Company “Lubricant Producing Plant,” Perm, Russia. This study evaluates the influence of the biphenyl/polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) on the formation of aerobic bacterial associations and their biodegradative potential. Enrichment cultivation of the soil samples from the territories of these industrial factories with PCB (commercial mixture Sovol) was lead for forming aerobic bacterial enrichment cultures showing a unique composition. The dominating in these bacterial cultures was the phylum Proteobacteria (Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria). Using biphenyl as a carbon source led to decrease of biodiversity in the final stable bacterial associations. Periodic cultivation experiments demonstrated that the association PN2-B has a high degradative potential among the six studied bacterial associations. PN2-B degraded 100% mono-chlorobiphenyls (94.5 mg/L), 86.2% di-chlorobiphenyls (22.3 mg/L), 50.9% Sovol, and 38.4% Delor 103 (13.8 mg/L). Qualitative analysis of metabolites showed that association performed transformation of chlorobenzoic acids (PCB degradation intermediates) into metabolites of citrate cycle. Twelve individual strain-destructors were isolated. The strains were found to degrade 17.7–100% PCB1, 36.2–100% PCB2, 18.8–100% PCB3 (94.5 mg/L), and 15.7–78.2% PCB8 (22.3 mg/L). The strains were shown to metabolize chlorobenzoic acids formed during degradation of chlorobiphenyls. A unique ability of strains Micrococcus sp. PNS1 and Stenotrophomonas sp. PNS6 to degrade ortho-, meta-, and para-monosubstituted chlorobenzoic acids was revealed. Our results suggest that PN2-B and individual bacterial strains will be perspective for cleaning of the environment from polychlorinated biphenyls.

在俄罗斯查帕耶夫斯克开放式股份公司“伏尔加中部化工厂”和俄罗斯彼尔姆开放式股份公司“润滑油生产厂”的领土上，在受污染的土壤中形成了独特的细菌协会。本研究评估了联苯/多氯联苯 (PCB) 对需氧菌群形成及其生物降解潜力的影响。用PCB（商业混合物Sovol）对来自这些工业工厂的土壤样品进行富集培养，导致形成具有独特组成的好氧细菌富集培养物。在这些细菌培养物中占主导地位的是变形菌门（Beta 和 Gammaproteobacteria）。使用联苯作为碳源导致最终稳定细菌组合中的生物多样性减少。定期培养实验表明，PN2-B 协会在六个研究的细菌协会中具有很高的降解潜力。PN2-B 可降解 100% 单氯联苯 (94.5 mg/L)、86.2% 二氯联苯 (22.3 mg/L)、50.9% Sovol 和 38.4% Delor 103 (13.8 mg/L)。代谢物的定性分析表明，关联将氯苯甲酸（PCB 降解中间体）转化为柠檬酸循环的代谢物。分离了十二个单独的应变破坏者。发现这些菌株可降解 17.7–100% PCB1、36.2–100% PCB2、18.8–100% PCB3 (94.5 mg/L) 和 15.7–78.2% PCB8 (22.3 mg/L)。这些菌株被证明可以代谢在氯联苯降解过程中形成的氯苯甲酸。微球菌属 PNS1和嗜菌。揭示了 PNS6 可降解邻位、间位和对位单取代氯苯甲酸。我们的结果表明 PN2-B 和单个细菌菌株将成为从多氯联苯中清洁环境的前景。