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Regulation of Cell Death and Signaling by Pore-Forming Resistosomes
Annual Review of Phytopathology ( IF 9.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-25 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-020620-095952
Guozhi Bi 1 , Jian-Min Zhou 1, 2
Affiliation  

Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) are the largest class of immune receptors in plants. They play a key role in the plant surveillance system by monitoring pathogen effectors that are delivered into the plant cell. Recent structural biology and biochemical analyses have uncovered how NLRs are activated to form oligomeric resistosomes upon the recognition of pathogen effectors. In the resistosome, the signaling domain of the NLR is brought to the center of a ringed structure to initiate immune signaling and regulated cell death (RCD). The N terminus of the coiled-coil (CC) domain of the NLR protein HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE 1 likely forms a pore in the plasma membrane to trigger RCD in a way analogous to animal pore-forming proteins that trigger necroptosis or pyroptosis. NLRs that carry TOLL-INTERLEUKIN1-RECEPTOR as a signaling domain may also employ pore-forming resistosomes for RCD execution. In addition, increasing evidence supports intimate connections between NLRs and surface receptors in immune signaling. These new findings are rapidly advancing our understanding of the plant immune system.

中文翻译:


成孔电阻体对细胞死亡和信号传导的调节

核苷酸结合富亮氨酸重复受体 (NLR) 是植物中最大的一类免疫受体。它们通过监测传递到植物细胞中的病原体效应物,在植物监测系统中发挥关键作用。最近的结构生物学和生化分析揭示了 NLR 如何在识别病原体效应物后被激活以形成寡聚抗性体。在抗性体中,NLR 的信号结构域被带到环状结构的中心,以启动免疫信号和调节细胞死亡 (RCD)。NLR 蛋白 HOPZ-ACTIVATED RESISTANCE 1 的卷曲螺旋 (CC) 结构域的 N 末端可能在质膜上形成一个孔,以类似于引发坏死性凋亡或细胞焦亡的动物成孔蛋白的方式触发 RCD。携带 TOLL-INTERLEUKIN1-RECEPTOR 作为信号域的 NLR 也可以使用成孔抗性体来执行 RCD。此外,越来越多的证据支持免疫信号通路中 NLR 和表面受体之间的密切联系。这些新发现正在迅速推进我们对植物免疫系统的理解。

更新日期:2021-08-26
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