Previous research has shown that the built environment plays a crucial role for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health care utilization. But, there is limited evidence on the independence of this association from lifestyle and social environment. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate these associations, independent of the social environment, physical activity and body mass index (BMI). We used data from the third follow-up of the Swiss study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart diseases In Adults (SAPALDIA), a population based cohort with associated biobank. Covariate adjusted multiple quantile and polytomous logistic regressions were performed to test associations of variables describing the perceived built environment with HRQoL and health care utilization. Higher HRQoL and less health care utilization were associated with less reported transportation noise annoyance. Higher HRQoL was also associated with greater satisfaction with the living environment and more perceived access to greenspaces. These results were independent of the social environment (living alone and social engagement) and lifestyle (physical activity level and BMI). This study provides further evidence that the built environment should be designed to integrate living and green spaces but separate living and traffic spaces in order to improve health and wellbeing and potentially save health care costs.

中文翻译：

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感知建筑环境、与健康相关的生活质量和医疗保健利用。

先前的研究表明，建筑环境对健康相关的生活质量 (HRQoL) 和医疗保健利用起着至关重要的作用。但是，关于这种关联独立于生活方式和社会环境的证据有限。这项横断面研究的目的是调查这些关联，独立于社会环境、身体活动和体重指数 (BMI)。我们使用了瑞士关于成人空气污染与肺和心脏病 (SAPALDIA) 研究的第三次随访数据，该研究是一个基于人群的队列，具有相关的生物库。执行协变量调整的多分位数和多分逻辑回归来测试描述感知建筑环境的变量与 HRQoL 和医疗保健利用率的关联。较高的 HRQoL 和较少的医疗保健利用率与较少报告的交通噪音烦恼有关。更高的 HRQoL 还与更高的生活环境满意度和更多的绿色空间感知相关。这些结果与社会环境（独居和社会参与）和生活方式（身体活动水平和 BMI）无关。这项研究提供了进一步的证据，即建筑环境的设计应将生活和绿色空间结合起来，但将生活和交通空间分开，以改善健康和福祉，并可能节省医疗保健成本。这些结果与社会环境（独居和社会参与）和生活方式（身体活动水平和 BMI）无关。这项研究提供了进一步的证据，即建筑环境的设计应将生活和绿色空间结合起来，但将生活和交通空间分开，以改善健康和福祉，并可能节省医疗保健成本。这些结果与社会环境（独居和社会参与）和生活方式（身体活动水平和 BMI）无关。这项研究提供了进一步的证据，即建筑环境的设计应将生活和绿色空间结合起来，但将生活和交通空间分开，以改善健康和福祉，并可能节省医疗保健成本。