Previous research has shown that the built environment plays a crucial role for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health care utilization. But, there is limited evidence on the independence of this association from lifestyle and social environment. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate these associations, independent of the social environment, physical activity and body mass index (BMI). We used data from the third follow-up of the Swiss study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart diseases In Adults (SAPALDIA), a population based cohort with associated biobank. Covariate adjusted multiple quantile and polytomous logistic regressions were performed to test associations of variables describing the perceived built environment with HRQoL and health care utilization. Higher HRQoL and less health care utilization were associated with less reported transportation noise annoyance. Higher HRQoL was also associated with greater satisfaction with the living environment and more perceived access to greenspaces. These results were independent of the social environment (living alone and social engagement) and lifestyle (physical activity level and BMI). This study provides further evidence that the built environment should be designed to integrate living and green spaces but separate living and traffic spaces in order to improve health and wellbeing and potentially save health care costs.

中文翻译：

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感知的建筑环境，与健康相关的生活质量和医疗保健利用率。

先前的研究表明，建筑环境对于与健康相关的生活质量（HRQoL）和医疗保健利用起着至关重要的作用。但是，关于这种协会与生活方式和社会环境之间的独立性的证据有限。这项横断面研究的目的是调查这些关联，而与社会环境，体育活动和体重指数（BMI）无关。我们使用了来自瑞士针对成年人的空气污染和肺与心脏病的第三次随访研究（SAPALDIA）的数据，该研究是基于人群的队列，并带有相关的生物库。进行了协变量调整的多分位数和多逻辑对数回归，以测试描述感知建筑环境的变量与HRQoL和医疗保健利用率的关联。较高的HRQoL和较少的医疗保健利用率与较少的交通噪音烦恼有关。较高的HRQoL还与人们对居住环境的满意度以及对绿色空间的更多感知联系在一起。这些结果与社会环境（独自生活和参与社会活动）和生活方式（体育活动水平和BMI）无关。这项研究提供了进一步的证据，即应该将建筑环境设计为将生活空间和绿色空间融为一体，但将生活空间和交通空间分开，以改善健康和福祉，并有可能节省医疗费用。这些结果与社会环境（独自生活和参与社会活动）和生活方式（体育活动水平和BMI）无关。这项研究提供了进一步的证据，即应将建筑环境设计为将生活空间和绿色空间融为一体，但将生活空间和交通空间分开，以改善健康和福祉，并有可能节省医疗费用。这些结果与社会环境（独自生活和参与社会活动）和生活方式（体育活动水平和BMI）无关。这项研究提供了进一步的证据，即应将建筑环境设计为将生活空间和绿色空间融为一体，但将生活空间和交通空间分开，以改善健康和福祉，并有可能节省医疗费用。