Social animal species present a vast repertoire of social interactions when encountering conspecifics. Reproduction-related behaviors, such as mating, parental care, and aggression, are some of the most rewarding types of social interactions and are also the most sexually dimorphic ones. This review focuses on rodent species and summarizes recent advances in neuroscience research that link sexually dimorphic reproductive behaviors to sexual dimorphism in their underlying neuronal circuits. Specifically, we present a few possible mechanisms governing sexually-dimorphic behaviors, by hypothalamic and reward-related brain regions. Sex differences in the neural response to social isolation in adulthood are also discussed, as well as future directions for comparative studies with naturally solitary species.

中文翻译：

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社交网络：生殖行为、动机和对社会孤立反应的性别差异的神经控制。

社会性动物物种在遇到同种动物时会表现出广泛的社会互动。与繁殖相关的行为，例如交配、父母照顾和攻击性，是最有价值的社会互动类型，也是最具性别二态性的行为。这篇综述重点关注啮齿类动物，并总结了神经科学研究的最新进展，这些研究将性二态性生殖行为与其潜在神经元回路中的性二态性联系起来。具体来说，我们提出了一些可能的机制，通过下丘脑和与奖励相关的大脑区域来控制性二态性行为。还讨论了成年期对社会孤立的神经反应的性别差异，以及与自然孤独物种进行比较研究的未来方向。