Because the construct of psychopathy is of chief interest across different disciplines, spanning developmental, clinical, and forensic psychology, its assessment bears far-reaching implications. One prominent contemporary conceptualization of psychopathy, the Triarchic Model, posits that a psychopathic personality encompasses three phenotypic constructs: boldness, meanness, and disinhibition. Recently, triarchic scales have been derived based on items from the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ), and the psychometric characteristics of this approach (MPQ-triarchic [MPQ-Tri]) are promising. The present study examined the longitudinal measurement invariance and the construct validity of the MPQ-Tri scales in a large and diverse high-risk sample (N = 716) across four time points from age 16-25. First, we report and discuss implications of confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses of the MPQ-Tri scales. Next, we report evidence for longitudinal configural and partial scalar invariance. In addition, in line with previous studies, MPQ-Boldness showed relatively higher levels of rank-order and mean-level stability compared to MPQ-Meanness and Disinhibition. Finally, in terms of construct validity, the MPQ-Tri scales showed a pattern of association with external correlates across internalizing and externalizing domains that were largely in line with theoretical expectations. One partial exception concerned the limited discriminant validity of the MPQ-Meanness and Disinhibition scales. On balance, the present findings suggest that the MPQ-Tri scales fulfill their intended purpose, with some noted limitation, and provide grounds for the use of the MPQ-Tri scales in developmentally-informed studies on the etiology and consequences of psychopathy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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从多维人格问卷详细阐述三方性精神病量表的纵向测量不变性和建构效度。

由于精神病的构造是跨学科，发展心理学，临床心理学和法医心理学的主要学科，因此其评估具有深远的意义。当代一种著名的精神病概念化三位一体模型（Triarchic Model）认为，精神病性人格包含三种表型结构：大胆，卑鄙和禁忌。最近，基于多维人格问卷（MPQ）的项目得出了三级量表，这种方法的心理测量特征（MPQ-三级[MPQ-Tri]）是有前途的。本研究在16-25岁的四个时间点上，对大型多样的高风险样本（N = 716）中的纵向测量不变性和MPQ-Tri量表的构建效度进行了检验。第一的，我们报告并讨论了MPQ-Tri量表的确认性和探索性因素分析的含义。接下来，我们报告纵向构造和部分标量不变性的证据。此外，与以前的研究一致，MPQ-Boldness与MPQ-Meanness和Disinhibition相比，具有相对较高的等级顺序和平均水平稳定性。最后，就构念效度而言，MPQ-Tri量表显示出与内部关联和外部化域中的外部关联的关联模式，这与理论预期基本一致。一个部分例外情况是，MPQ平均值和禁止抑制量表的判别效度有限。总而言之，目前的发现表明，MPQ-Tri量表可以实现其预期目的，但存在一些局限性，并为在有关精神病的病因和后果的发展知情研究中使用MPQ-Tri量表提供依据。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。