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Toward a Remote Assessment of Walking Bout and Speed: Application in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics ( IF 7.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-29 , DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2021.3076707
Arash Atrsaei , Farzin Dadashi , Benoit Mariani , Roman Gonzenbach , Kamiar Aminian

Gait speed as a powerful biomarker of mobility is mostly assessed in controlled environments, e.g. in the clinic. With wearable inertial sensors, gait speed can be estimated in an objective manner. However, most of the previous works have validated the gait speed estimation algorithms in clinical settings which can be different than the home assessments in which the patients demonstrate their actual performance. Moreover, to provide comfort for the users, devising an algorithm based on a single sensor setup is essential. To this end, the goal of this study was to develop and validate a new gait speed estimation method based on a machine learning approach to predict gait speed in both clinical and home assessments by a sensor on the lower back. Moreover, two methods were introduced to detect walking bouts during daily activities at home. We have validated the algorithms in 35 patients with multiple sclerosis as it often presents with mobility difficulties. Therefore, the robustness of the algorithm can be shown in an impaired or slow gait. Against silver standard multi-sensor references, we achieved a bias close to zero and a precision of 0.15 m/s for gait speed estimation. Furthermore, the proposed machine learning-based locomotion detection method had a median of 96.8% specificity, 93.0% sensitivity, 96.4% accuracy, and 78.6% F1-score in detecting walking bouts at home. The high performance of the proposed algorithm showed the feasibility of the unsupervised mobility assessment introduced in this study.

中文翻译:

步行和速度的远程评估:在多发性硬化症患者中的应用

步态速度作为一种强大的移动性生物标志物,主要在受控环境中进行评估,例如在诊所中。使用可穿戴惯性传感器,可以客观地估计步态速度。然而,之前的大部分工作已经在临床环境中验证了步态速度估计算法,这可能与患者展示其实际表现的家庭评估不同。此外,为了让用户感到舒适,设计基于单个传感器设置的算法是必不可少的。为此,本研究的目标是开发和验证一种新的步态速度估计方法,该方法基于机器学习方法,通过下背部的传感器在临床和家庭评估中预测步态速度。此外,还引入了两种方法来检测家中日常活动中的步行次数。我们已经在 35 名多发性硬化症患者中验证了该算法,因为它经常出现行动不便。因此,算法的鲁棒性可以表现为步态受损或步态缓慢。与银标准多传感器参考相比,我们实现了接近零的偏差和 0.15 m/s 的步态速度估计精度。此外,所提出的基于机器学习的运动检测方法在检测家中的步行运动时具有 96.8% 的特异性、93.0% 的灵敏度、96.4% 的准确度和 78.6% 的 F1 分数。所提出算法的高性能表明了本研究中引入的无监督移动性评估的可行性。算法的鲁棒性可以表现为步态受损或缓慢。与银标准多传感器参考相比,我们实现了接近零的偏差和 0.15 m/s 的步态速度估计精度。此外,所提出的基于机器学习的运动检测方法在检测家中的步行运动时具有 96.8% 的特异性、93.0% 的灵敏度、96.4% 的准确度和 78.6% 的 F1 分数。所提出算法的高性能表明了本研究中引入的无监督移动性评估的可行性。算法的鲁棒性可以表现为步态受损或缓慢。与银标准多传感器参考相比,我们实现了接近零的偏差和 0.15 m/s 的步态速度估计精度。此外,所提出的基于机器学习的运动检测方法在检测家中的步行运动时具有 96.8% 的特异性、93.0% 的灵敏度、96.4% 的准确度和 78.6% 的 F1 分数。所提出算法的高性能表明了本研究中引入的无监督移动性评估的可行性。6% 的 F1 分数在家检测步行比赛。所提出算法的高性能表明了本研究中引入的无监督移动性评估的可行性。6% 的 F1 分数在家检测步行比赛。所提出算法的高性能表明了本研究中引入的无监督移动性评估的可行性。
更新日期:2021-04-29
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