Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) represents the most common form of thyroid neoplasms and is becoming increasingly prevalent. Evidence suggests a possible relationship between DTC diagnosis and subsequent atrial fibrillation (AF). If confirmed, this may present an alarming health risk (AF) in an otherwise condition with a relatively good prognosis (DTC). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide for the first time a pooled estimate of AF incidence in DTC patients in comparison to healthy controls. A detailed search in electronic databases, clinical trial registries and grey literature was performed to identify studies reporting the incidence of AF in DTC patients. Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale was used to assess study quality. We used a random effects (RE) generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) in pooling of individual studies and also calculated a prediction interval for the estimate of a new study. Six observational studies met the eligibility criteria, which included totally 187,754 patients with DTC and 199,770 healthy controls. The median follow-up period was 4.3 to 18.8 years; the incidence rate of AF was 4.86 (95% CI, 3.29 to 7.17, I2 = 96%) cases per 1000 person-years, while the incidence rate ratio was 1.54 (95% CI, 1.44 to 1.65, I2 = 0%, 95% PI, 1.33 to 1.78).This is the first meta-analysis to confirm that patients with DTC are at a high risk for developing AF, which may be attributed to a state of iatrogenic hyperthyroidism due to long-term thyrotropin suppression therapy.

中文翻译：

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分化型甲状腺癌患者的房颤发生率：荟萃分析。

分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）代表甲状腺肿瘤的最常见形式，并且正变得越来越普遍。有证据表明，DTC诊断与随后的心房颤动（AF）之间可能存在关系。如果得到确认，在其他情况下预后相对较好（DTC）的情况下，可能会出现令人震惊的健康风险（AF）。这项系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是，与健康对照相比，首次提供DTC患者AF发生率的汇总估计。在电子数据库，临床试验注册中心和灰色文献中进行了详细搜索，以鉴定报告DTC患者房颤发生率的研究。纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表用于评估研究质量。我们在单个研究的汇总中使用了随机效应（RE）广义线性混合模型（GLMM），并且还为新研究的评估计算了预测间隔。六项观察研究符合入选标准，其中包括187,754例DTC患者和199,770例健康对照者。中位随访期为4.3至18。8年；每1000人年房颤的发生率为4.86（95％CI，3.29至7.17，I2 = 96％）病例，而发病率比率为1.54（95％CI，1.44至1.65，I2 = 0％，95） ％PI，从1.33到1.78）。这是第一个荟萃分析，证实DTC患者罹患房颤的风险很高，这可能归因于长期的促甲状腺激素抑制疗法导致的医源性甲状腺功能亢进症。