The hallmark of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is chronic intestinal inflammation with typical onset in adolescents and young adults. An abundance of neutrophils are seen in the inflammatory lesions, but adaptive immunity is also an important player in the chronicity of the disease. There is an unmet need for new treatment options since modern medicines such as biological therapy with anti-cytokine antibodies still leave a substantial number of patients with persisting disease activity. The role of the central nervous system and its interaction with the gut in the pathophysiology of IBD has been brought to attention both in animal models and in humans after the discovery of the inflammatory reflex. The suggested control of gut immunity by the brain-gut axis represents a novel therapeutic target suitable for bioelectronic intervention. In this review, we discuss the role of the inflammatory reflex in gut inflammation and the recent advances in the treatment of IBD by intervening with the brain-gut axis through bioelectronic devices.

中文翻译：

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脑肠轴，炎症性肠病和生物电子医学。

炎症性肠病（IBD）的标志是慢性肠道炎症，通常在青少年和年轻人中发作。在炎症性病变中可见大量的中性粒细胞，但是适应性免疫也是该疾病慢性病的重要因素。对于新的治疗选择存在未满足的需求，因为诸如抗细胞因子抗体的生物疗法之类的现代医学仍然使大量患者具有持续的疾病活动性。发现炎症反射后，动物模型和人类中都已注意到中枢神经系统的作用及其与肠道的相互作用在IBD的病理生理中。建议通过脑肠轴控制肠道免疫力代表了一种适用于生物电子干预的新型治疗靶标。