BACKGROUND Bullying in childhood and adolescence is a worldwide problem. There is a general lack of validated retrospective measures of bullying, especially in Spanish-speaking populations. The present study aimed to adapt the retrospective version of the California Bullying Victimization Scale (CBVS-R) to Spanish and examine its psychometric properties. METHOD The CBVS-R was translated and adapted into Spanish, and school victimization was evaluated in a sample of 1,855 Spanish adults (69.3% women). Factor structure, test-retest reliability, and predictive validity were explored. The types of victimization by educational level and the total victimization score for each participant were analyzed. RESULTS Factor analysis showed a one-factor structure. Values of internal consistency (α = .80) and test-retest reliability ( r = .87, k = .73) were satisfactory. Victimization was associated with self-reports of mental health. Victimization patterns peaked around adolescence, the most frequent victimizing behavior was being teased or called names. CONCLUSIONS Results support the usefulness and suitability of the Spanish adaptation of the CBVS-R as a retrospective self-report measure of bullying victimization in adults.

中文翻译：

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加州欺凌受害量表 - 回顾 (CBVS-R)：西班牙适应的验证。

背景技术儿童和青少年时期的欺凌是一个世界性的问题。普遍缺乏经过验证的欺凌回顾性措施，尤其是在讲西班牙语的人群中。本研究旨在将加利福尼亚欺凌受害量表 (CBVS-R) 的回顾性版本改编为西班牙语，并检查其心理测量特性。方法 CBVS-R 被翻译并改编成西班牙语，并在 1,855 名西班牙成年人（69.3% 为女性）的样本中评估了学校受害情况。探讨了因素结构、重测信度和预测效度。分析了受教育程度的受害类型和每个参与者的受害总分。结果 因子分析显示单因子结构。内部一致性值 (α = .80) 和重测信度 (r = .87, k = . 73) 满意。受害与心理健康的自我报告有关。受害模式在青春期达到顶峰，最常见的受害行为是被取笑或辱骂。结论 结果支持西班牙改编的 CBVS-R 作为成年人欺凌受害的回顾性自我报告措施的有用性和适用性。