Methylmercury (MeHg) is a highly neurotoxic form of mercury (Hg) present in seafood. Here, we recorded and compared proteomic and transcriptomic changes in hippocampus of male BALB/c mice exposed to two doses of MeHg. Mice were fed diets spiked with 0.28 mg MeHg kg-1, 5 mg MeHg kg-1, or an unspiked control diet for 77 days. Total mercury content was significantly (P < 0.05) increased in brain tissue of both MeHg-exposed groups (18 ± 2 mg Hg kg-1 and 0.56 ± 0.06 mg Hg kg-1). Hippocampal protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA) expression levels were significantly altered both in tissues from mice receiving a low dose MeHg (20 proteins/294 RNA transcripts) and a high dose MeHg (61 proteins/876 RNA transcripts). The majority but not all the differentially expressed features in hippocampus were dose dependent. The combined use of transcriptomic and proteomic profiling data provided insight on the influence of MeHg on neurotoxicity, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress through several regulated features and pathways, including RXR function and superoxide radical degradation.

中文翻译：

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RNA 测序和蛋白质组分析揭示了饮食甲基汞对 BALB/c 小鼠海马转录组和蛋白质组的不同改变。

甲基汞 (MeHg) 是海鲜中存在的一种高度神经毒性的汞 (Hg)。在这里，我们记录并比较了暴露于两种剂量的甲基汞的雄性 BALB/c 小鼠海马的蛋白质组和转录组变化。小鼠被喂食添加了 0.28 mg MeHg kg-1、5 mg MeHg kg-1 的饮食或未添加的对照饮食，持续 77 天。两个甲基汞暴露组的脑组织中总汞含量显着增加（P < 0.05）（18 ± 2 mg Hg kg-1 和 0.56 ± 0.06 mg Hg kg-1）。在接受低剂量 MeHg（20 个蛋白质/294 个 RNA 转录本）和高剂量 MeHg（61 个蛋白质/876 个 RNA 转录本）的小鼠组织中，海马蛋白质和核糖核酸 (RNA) 表达水平均显着改变。海马体中大多数但不是全部的差异表达特征是剂量依赖性的。转录组和蛋白质组分析数据的结合使用，深入了解了甲基汞通过多种调节特征和途径（包括 RXR 功能和超氧自由基降解）对神经毒性、能量代谢和氧化应激的影响。