BACKGROUND Terrorism remains one of the most serious global problems, affecting a very large number of people, a significant percentage of whom can suffer psychological disorders arising from a terrorist attack. The purpose of this article is to describe the current state of scientific knowledge about these psychological disorders and their treatment. METHOD Systematic narrative or meta-analytical reviews of the scientific literature on the subject published between 2010 and 2020 were searched for in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and PTSDpubs. RESULTS The search located 16 systematic reviews whose findings were analyzed, leading to ten conclusions about the most common psychological disorders and their progression, the type and percentage of victims who will be most affected by them, and the most effective and useful treatments for those disorders during the various phases following an attack. CONCLUSIONS After a terrorist attack, both direct and indirect victims will need short- and mid-term psychological care and follow up. Direct victims, the direct relatives of any deceased, and other victims significantly exposed to the attack or its consequences, will also need long- and very long-term care and follow up. Currently, trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapies are the treatment of choice for victims in the rescue, recovery, and return-to-life phases.

中文翻译：

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关于治疗恐怖主义受害者的心理障碍，每个心理学家都应该知道的十件事。

背景恐怖主义仍然是最严重的全球性问题之一，影响着非常多的人，其中很大一部分人可能遭受因恐怖袭击而引起的心理障碍。本文的目的是描述有关这些心理障碍及其治疗的科学知识的现状。方法 在 PsycINFO、MEDLINE 和 PTSDpubs 中搜索了 2010 年至 2020 年间发表的关于该主题的科学文献的系统叙述或元分析评论。结果 搜索找到了 16 篇系统评价，其结果得到了分析，得出了关于最常见的心理障碍及其进展、受其影响最大的受害者的类型和百分比的 10 项结论，以及在发作后的各个阶段对这些疾病最有效和最有用的治疗方法。结论 恐怖袭击后，直接和间接受害者都需要短期和中期的心理护理和跟进。直接受害者、任何死者的直系亲属，以及其他严重暴露于袭击或其后果的受害者，也需要长期和非常长期的照顾和跟进。目前，针对创伤的认知行为疗法是受害者在救援、康复和恢复生活阶段的首选治疗方法。和其他严重暴露于攻击或其后果的受害者，也将需要长期和非常长期的护理和跟进。目前，针对创伤的认知行为疗法是受害者在救援、康复和恢复生活阶段的首选治疗方法。和其他严重暴露于攻击或其后果的受害者，也将需要长期和非常长期的护理和跟进。目前，针对创伤的认知行为疗法是受害者在救援、康复和恢复生活阶段的首选治疗方法。