Although proactive behavior is an important determinant of individual work performance, its consequences for employee well-being and other personal outcomes have been largely neglected. In this study, we adopted a within-person perspective to investigate how taking charge behavior (a form of proactivity) affects employees' life outside of work by examining when and how it impacts on their ability to detach and recover from work. Drawing upon resource drain theory, we hypothesized that taking charge has the potential to undermine the process of detachment and recovery from work by draining personal resources. However, based on self-determination theory, we identified autonomous motivation as an essential boundary condition, such that the negative effects of taking charge on detachment and recovery via resource drain occur only when daily autonomous motivation is low. We tested this model on a sample of 77 managers, who provided daily survey data 3 times per day over 5 consecutive working days. Our analyses showed that daily taking charge behavior was negatively related to detachment in the evening, via resource drain, only on days in which people reported low autonomous motivation at work. However, this conditional effect of taking charge did not reach through to next morning recovery. No negative effects of daily taking charge on detachment were observed when people had high autonomous motivation. Overall, these findings suggest that, under some motivational conditions, proactivity can consume resources and interfere with the process of detachment. We offer practical advice for how organizations might encourage proactive behavior while minimizing its drawbacks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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过于主动而无法关闭：接管时会消耗资源并损害超脱。

尽管主动行为是个人工作绩效的重要决定因素，但其对员工福祉和其他个人成果的影响在很大程度上被忽视了。在这项研究中，我们采用了内在视角，通过检查接管行为（一种主动性）如何影响员工的工作之外的生活，通过检查它何时以及如何影响他们脱离工作和从工作中恢复的能力。借鉴资源流失理论，我们假设负责有可能通过耗尽个人资源来破坏脱离工作和从工作中恢复的过程。然而，基于自我决定理论，我们将自主动机确定为必要的边界条件，因此，只有在日常自主动机较低时，才会通过资源消耗对脱离和恢复产生负面影响。我们在 77 名经理的样本中测试了这个模型，他们在连续 5 个工作日内每天提供 3 次日常调查数据。我们的分析表明，仅在人们报告工作中自主动机较低的日子里，日常负责行为与晚上通过资源流失的分离呈负相关。然而，这种负责的条件效应并没有影响到第二天早上的恢复。当人们具有较高的自主动机时，没有观察到日常管理对超脱的负面影响。总体而言，这些发现表明，在某些动机条件下，积极主动会消耗资源并干扰超然过程。我们为组织如何鼓励主动行为同时最大限度地减少其缺点提供实用建议。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。