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Social organization in ungulates: Revisiting Jarman's hypotheses.
Journal of Evolutionary Biology ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-26 , DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13782
Karola Szemán 1 , András Liker 2, 3 , Tamás Székely 1, 4
Affiliation  

Ungulates (antelopes, deer and relatives) have some of the most diverse social systems among mammals. To understand the evolution of ungulate social organization, Jarman (1974) proposed an ecological scenario of how distribution of resources, habitat and feeding style may have influenced social organization. Although Jarman's scenario makes intuitive sense and remains a textbook example of social evolution, it has not been scrutinized using modern phylogenetic comparative methods. Here we use 230 ungulate species from ten families to test Jarman's hypotheses using phylogenetic analyses. Consistent with Jarman's proposition, both habitat and feeding style predict group size, since grazing ungulates typically live in open habitats and form large herds. Group size, in turn, has a knock-on effect on mating systems and sexual size dimorphism, since ungulates that live in large herds exhibit polygamy and extensive sexual size dimorphism. Phylogenetic confirmatory path analyses suggest that evolutionary changes in habitat type, feeding style and body size directly (or indirectly) induce shifts in social organization. Taken together, these phylogenetic comparative analyses confirm Jarman's conjectures, although they also uncover novel relationships between ecology and social organization. Further studies are needed to explore the relevance of Jarman (1974) scenario for mammals beyond ungulates.

中文翻译:

有蹄类动物中的社会组织:重新审视贾曼的假设。

个体(羚羊,鹿和亲戚)在哺乳动物中拥有一些最多样化的社会系统。为了理解有蹄类动物社会组织的演变,Jarman(1974)提出了一个生态场景,说明资源分布,生境和摄食方式可能如何影响社会组织。尽管Jarman的情景具有直觉意义,并且仍然是社会进化的教科书示例,但尚未使用现代系统发育比较方法对其进行详细审查。在这里,我们使用来自10个科的230个有蹄类动物的物种,通过系统发育分析来检验Jarman的假设。与Jarman的主张一致,栖息地和摄食方式都可以预测群体的大小,因为有蹄类动物通常生活在开放的栖息地中并形成大群。小组人数,由于生活在大群中的有蹄类动物表现出一夫多妻制和广泛的性交双态性,因此对交配系统和性交双态性具有连锁效应。系统发育确认路径分析表明,栖息地类型,摄食方式和体型的进化变化直接(或间接)引起社会组织的转变。综上所述,这些系统发育比较分析证实了贾曼的猜想,尽管它们也揭示了生态学与社会组织之间的新颖关系。需要进一步的研究来探索Jarman(1974)情景与有蹄类动物以外的哺乳动物的相关性。喂养方式和体型直接(或间接)引起社会组织的转变。综上所述,这些系统发育比较分析证实了贾曼的猜想,尽管它们也揭示了生态学与社会组织之间的新颖关系。需要进一步的研究来探索Jarman(1974)情景与有蹄类动物以外的哺乳动物的相关性。喂养方式和体型直接(或间接)引起社会组织的转变。综上所述,这些系统发育比较分析证实了贾曼的猜想,尽管它们也揭示了生态学与社会组织之间的新颖关系。需要进一步的研究以探索Jarman(1974)情景与有蹄类动物以外的哺乳动物的相关性。
更新日期:2021-03-26
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