Suicide is the leading cause of death among jail detainees and the third leading cause of death among state prison inmates. These populations have been recognized as a high-risk group deserving special clinical attention. The literature on deaths by suicide in correctional settings has identified numerous risk factors for eventual death, but few of these risk factors are specific to the last days of life to aid clinicians in estimating near-term risk of serious self-injury or death. The poor understanding of near-term risk is particularly important in jail settings where many suicide deaths occur within 24 hr of entry. Although screening instruments for suicide risk factors are commonly used with jail/prison populations, few have been validated in those settings and all have poor positive predictive value. We call for a focused research effort to improve the identification of those at risk of near-term suicide and to produce tools for clinicians that will reduce the burden of suicide among jail and prison inmates. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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惩教场所自杀的近端风险：呼吁优先研究。

自杀是监狱被拘留者的首要死因，也是州立监狱囚犯的第三大死因。这些人群被认为是值得临床特别关注的高危人群。关于教养环境中自杀死亡的文献已经确定了最终死亡的许多风险因素，但这些风险因素中很少有特定于生命的最后几天，以帮助临床医生估计严重自伤或死亡的近期风险。对近期风险的了解不足在监狱环境中尤其重要，因为在监狱环境中，许多自杀死亡发生在进入后 24 小时内。尽管自杀风险因素的筛查工具通常用于监狱/监狱人群，但很少有人在这些环境中得到验证，并且所有这些工具的阳性预测值都很差。我们呼吁开展集中研究工作，以提高对有近期自杀风险的人的识别，并为临床医生提供工具，以减轻监狱和监狱囚犯的自杀负担。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。