Suicide is the leading cause of death among jail detainees and the third leading cause of death among state prison inmates. These populations have been recognized as a high-risk group deserving special clinical attention. The literature on deaths by suicide in correctional settings has identified numerous risk factors for eventual death, but few of these risk factors are specific to the last days of life to aid clinicians in estimating near-term risk of serious self-injury or death. The poor understanding of near-term risk is particularly important in jail settings where many suicide deaths occur within 24 hr of entry. Although screening instruments for suicide risk factors are commonly used with jail/prison populations, few have been validated in those settings and all have poor positive predictive value. We call for a focused research effort to improve the identification of those at risk of near-term suicide and to produce tools for clinicians that will reduce the burden of suicide among jail and prison inmates. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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在矫正环境中自杀的最接近风险：需要优先研究。

自杀是监狱被拘留者的主要死亡原因，也是州监狱囚犯中第三大死亡原因。这些人群已被公认为是高危人群，值得临床特别注意。关于在矫正环境中自杀死亡的文献已经确定了许多最终死亡的危险因素，但是这些危险因素中很少有是生命的最后日子可以帮助临床医生估计严重的自伤或死亡的近期风险。对短期风险的了解不足在监狱环境中尤其重要，因为监狱环境在进入后24小时之内发生许多自杀死亡。尽管针对自杀风险因素的筛查工具通常用于监狱/监狱中的人群，但在这些情况下几乎没有经过验证，而且所有的阳性预测值均较差。我们呼吁进行有针对性的研究，以改进对近期自杀风险的识别，并为临床医生提供工具，以减轻监狱和监狱囚犯的自杀负担。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。