According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 47 million people display mental health disorders Worldwide. In addition, epidemiological studies have shown that the extension of life expectancy and the increase in aged population will significantly impact the prevalence of several mental impairments. Although there are strategies for preventing and alleviating mental illnesses, such as pharmacological and psychological approaches, limited results have been observed. Thus, the search for new therapeutics for managing psychiatric disorders has explored multiple roads. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that physical activity and exercise promote health benefits. On the other hand, among the neurobiological systems that participate in the genesis and development of mental disruptions, the endocannabinoid system has been suggested as an active player. Supporting this hypothesis, data suggest that the elements comprising the endocannabinoid system, such as the CB₁/CB₂ cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands (N-arachidonoylethanolamine [anandamide, AEA] and 2- arachidonoylglycerol [2-AG]), transporters and the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of the AEA and 2-AG, modulate mental diseases. In this review, we discuss that the endocannabinoid system might be considered as a modulator for the positive outcomes of exercise in the management of mental disorders. Clinically, this promising field might be exploited by targeting the elements of the endocannabinoid system aimed to increase the exercise benefits applied to patients with mental illnesses.

根据世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的数据，全世界有 4700 万人患有精神疾病。此外，流行病学研究表明，预期寿命的延长和老年人口的增加将显着影响几种精神障碍的患病率。尽管有预防和缓解精神疾病的策略，例如药理学和心理学方法，但观察到的结果有限。因此，寻找治疗精神疾病的新疗法已经探索了多条道路。近年来，已经证明体育活动和锻炼对健康有益。另一方面，在参与精神障碍发生和发展的神经生物学系统中，内源性大麻素系统被认为是一个活跃的参与者。支持这一假设的数据表明，构成内源性大麻素系统的元素，如 CB₁ /CB ₂大麻素受体、内源性配体（N-花生四烯酸乙醇胺 [anandamide, AEA] 和 2-花生四烯酸甘油 [2-AG]）、转运蛋白和参与 AEA 和 2-AG 生物合成和降解的酶，调节精神疾病. 在这篇综述中，我们讨论了内源性大麻素系统可能被认为是运动在精神障碍管理中取得积极成果的调节剂。在临床上，可以通过针对内源性大麻素系统的元素来开发这个有前途的领域，以增加适用于精神疾病患者的运动益处。