A facultative commitment to adult migration in the larval stage can be modified again after adult emergence in some Lepidoptera when influenced by an appropriate environmental cue during a sensitive stage. This phenomenon is termed secondary regulation of migration. The sensitive stage in adult beet webworm, Loxostege sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), was determined experimentally by starvation of presumed migrant females reared from gregarious-phase larvae (induced by crowding at 10 larvae per 650-ml jar). When presumed migrant adults were starved for 24 h on either of the first 2 d after emergence, the preoviposition period was shortened. In contrast, preoviposition periods were not significantly shortened for migrants starved on day 3 or when starvation lasted for more than 1 d after emergence. Because the preoviposition period corresponds to the migratory period in beet webworm, the results suggest that the first 2 d of adult life in the beet webworm is the sensitive stage during which presumed migrants can be switched to residents by an appropriate environmental cue. During the sensitive stage or not, starvation did not influence lifetime fecundity, oviposition period, longevity, or hatching rate of eggs laid by the starvation-stressed moths. Starvation on the first day also increased tethered flight performance and accelerated both flight muscle and ovarian development. The results suggest that a pulse of starvation in the sensitive period may inhibit the expected migration by accelerating and compressing the cycle of migratory flight muscle development and degeneration, while accelerating ovarian development, which is normally suppressed until after migration.

中文翻译：

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成年后第一天或第二天的饥饿使幼虫转入甜菜网虫（鳞翅目：Pyralidae）的决定逆转。

在某些鳞翅目中成虫出现后，如果在敏感阶段受到适当的环境提示的影响，则可以再次修改幼虫阶段成虫迁移的兼职承诺。这种现象被称为迁移的次级调控。成年甜菜网虫Loxostege sticticalis L.（鳞翅目：Pyralidae）的敏感阶段是通过饿死从成虫期幼虫饲养的假定移居雌性实验确定的（诱因是每650 ml罐装10个幼虫而引起的）。当假定的成年移民成年人在出苗后的头2天中的任何一个饥饿24小时，产卵前的时间就缩短了。相反，对于在第3天挨饿或出现后挨饿持续超过1 d的移民来说，其产卵前期没有明显缩短。因为早产期与甜菜网虫的迁徙期相对应，所以结果表明，甜菜网虫的成年生命的前2天是敏感阶段，在此期间，可以通过适当的环境提示将假定的移民迁移到居民。不论是否处于敏感阶段，饥饿都不会影响饥饿胁迫的飞蛾产卵，产卵期，寿命或孵化率。第一天的饥饿也增加了系留的飞行性能，并加速了飞行肌肉和卵巢的发育。结果表明，敏感时期的饥饿脉冲可能会通过加速和压缩迁徙飞行的肌肉发育和变性的周期来抑制预期的迁移，同时加速卵巢的发育，