This study tests the efficacy of a unique resilience-strengthening intervention using a clustered-randomized controlled trial. It was hypothesized that the training, which encourages adaptive self-reflection on stressor events and the effectiveness of coping strategies and resources, would exert a positive effect on mental health outcomes via increased reflection and decreased brooding. The trial was conducted during a significant stressor period with a final sample of 204 second-class Officer Cadets from the Royal Military College, Australia. Platoons of Cadets were randomly allocated to either Self-Reflection Resilience Training (SRT; n = 96) or an exposure-matched active control group that received training as usual (i.e., cognitive-behavioral skill development training) and communication skills seminars (n = 108). Compared to the active control group, SRT was more effective at preventing the onset of depression symptoms and promoting stable levels of perceived stress during a period of increased exposure to training stressors, consistent with a resilient trajectory. The Self-Reflection group unexpectedly demonstrated higher anxiety symptoms than the Control group at immediate follow-up, but these symptoms returned to baseline levels at longer term follow-up. In contrast, the Control group experienced increasing anxiety symptoms between immediate and longer term follow-up. Mediation analyses supported an indirect effect of SRT on all three outcome measures via brooding, but not via reflection. This study provides support for the capacity of a practical, sustainable, and scalable intervention based on self-reflection to strengthen resilience in the military training setting. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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一项关于自我反省韧性强化干预和新型调解器的集群随机对照试验。

本研究使用集群随机对照试验测试了独特的弹性强化干预的功效。据推测，鼓励对压力源事件进行适应性自我反思以及应对策略和资源的有效性的培训将通过增加反思和减少沉思对心理健康结果产生积极影响。该试验是在压力很大的时期进行的，最终样本是来自澳大利亚皇家军事学院的 204 名二等军官学员。学员排被随机分配到自我反思韧性训练（SRT；n = 96）或照常接受培训（即认知行为技能发展培训）和沟通技巧研讨会（n = 108）。与主动对照组相比，SRT 在预防抑郁症状的出现和在增加暴露于训练压力源期间促进稳定水平的感知压力方面更有效，这与弹性轨迹一致。自我反思组在立即随访时出人意料地表现出比对照组更高的焦虑症状，但这些症状在长期随访中恢复到基线水平。相比之下，对照组在即刻和长期随访之间经历了越来越多的焦虑症状。中介分析支持 SRT 对所有三个结果测量的间接影响，通过育雏，而不是通过反思。这项研究为建立一个实用的、可持续的、和基于自我反思的可扩展干预，以加强军事训练环境中的复原力。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。