According to general strain theory's (GST) vicarious strain hypothesis, individuals' behavior is influenced by witnessing or having knowledge of others' stressful experiences, especially those within their network. Drawing on Agnew's GST, the current study examines the relationship between peer victimization and violent offending, as well as the potential intervening factors in this relationship. The primary research questions are: (a) does vicarious strain occur through having friends who are victimized? And (b) what role does violent peers play in the coping process? Data for the analysis were obtained from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescents to Adult Health's friendship network data. Results from multivariate analysis show that victimization of ones' friend (or peer victimization) is associated with depression as well as personal involvement in violent offending. This relationship, however, is fully mediated by depression. Regarding deviant peers, a three-way interaction effect was observed, specifically peer victimization, involvement with peers, and associating violent peers was a significant predictor of violent offending. Findings from the current study highlight the importance of considering the role of deviant peers in the coping process. Results lend support to Agnew's GST. Implications for theory and research are discussed.

中文翻译：

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替代性受害、负面情绪和适应不良的应对：调查暴力同伴的作用。

根据一般紧张理论 (GST) 的替代紧张假设，个人的行为受到目睹或了解他人压力经历的影响，尤其是他们网络中的经历。本研究利用 Agnew 的商品及服务税，研究了同伴受害与暴力犯罪之间的关系，以及这种关系中的潜在干预因素。主要的研究问题是：(a) 有朋友受害会导致替代压力吗？(b) 暴力同伴在应对过程中扮演什么角色？用于分析的数据来自全国青少年纵向研究到成人健康的友谊网络数据。多变量分析的结果表明，朋友（或同伴受害）与抑郁以及个人参与暴力犯罪有关。然而，这种关系完全由抑郁症介导。对于越轨的同伴，观察到三向交互效应，特别是同伴受害、与同伴交往和与暴力同伴交往是暴力犯罪的重要预测因素。当前研究的结果强调了考虑异常同伴在应对过程中的作用的重要性。结果为 Agnew 的 GST 提供了支持。讨论了对理论和研究的影响。与暴力同龄人交往是暴力犯罪的重要预测指标。当前研究的结果强调了考虑异常同伴在应对过程中的作用的重要性。结果为 Agnew 的 GST 提供了支持。讨论了对理论和研究的影响。与暴力同龄人交往是暴力犯罪的重要预测指标。当前研究的结果强调了考虑异常同伴在应对过程中的作用的重要性。结果为 Agnew 的 GST 提供了支持。讨论了对理论和研究的影响。