Halyomorpha halys (Stål) is an invasive pest in the United States and other countries. In its native range, H. halys eggs are parasitized by a co-evolved parasitoid, Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead). In the United States, T. japonicus, a classical biological control candidate, is being redistributed in many states where adventive populations exist. To establish if H. halys egg holding conditions affect T. japonicus foraging behavior or successful parasitism, naïve, female parasitoids from an adventive population were allowed to forage in laboratory bioassay arenas with either fresh or frozen (-20 or -80°C) egg masses, the latter held for five durations ranging from 1 h to 112 d. Parasitoid movements were recorded for 1 h. Thereafter, parasitoids were transferred with the same egg mass for 23 h. Additionally, female parasitoids from a quarantine colony were exposed to: 1) pairs of fresh egg masses and egg masses frozen at -40°C (>24 h) or 2) a single fresh egg mass or egg mass frozen at -40°C (<1 h). All exposed egg masses were held to assess progeny emergence. In the foraging bioassay, holding temperature and storage duration appeared to influence host-finding and host quality. Egg masses held at -80°C and fresh egg masses resulted in significantly greater levels of parasitism and progeny emergence compared with eggs held at -20°C. No differences were recorded between egg masses held at -40°C for ≤1 h and fresh egg masses. These results will help refine methods for preparation of egg masses for sentinel monitoring and parasitoid mass rearing protocols.

中文翻译：

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卤虫（半翅目：五翅目）卵的保存条件和贮藏持续时间对日本Tri虫（膜翅目：Scelionidae）外来和隔离区种群行为和寄生成功的影响。

Halyomorpha halys（Stål）是美国和其他国家/地区的一种入侵性害虫。在其天然范围内，H。halys卵被共同进化的寄生虫Trissolcus japonicus（Ashmead）寄生。在美国，日本血吸虫（T. japonicus）是一种经典的生物防治方法，正在许多外来种群存在的州重新分配。为了确定H. halys的产卵条件是否会影响日本血吸虫的觅食行为或成功的寄生虫，允许来自外来种群的幼稚雌性寄生虫在实验室生物测定领域中以新鲜或冷冻（-20或-80°C）的卵进行觅食质量，后者举行了五个持续时间从1 h到112 d。记录了寄生虫的运动1小时。此后，以相同的卵量转移寄生物23小时。此外，将来自隔离区的雌性寄生虫暴露于：1）对新鲜鸡蛋块和在-40°C（> 24 h）下冷冻的鸡蛋块；或2）在-40°C下冷冻的单个新鲜鸡蛋块或鸡蛋块（< 1小时）。保持所有裸露的卵块以评估子代出苗。在觅食生物测定中，保温温度和保存时间似乎会影响寄主的发现和寄主的质量。保持在-80°C的卵块和新鲜的卵块与保持在-20°C的卵相比，导致寄生虫和后代出苗的水平明显更高。保持在-40°C≤1 h的鸡蛋块与新鲜鸡蛋块之间没有差异。这些结果将有助于改进用于前哨监测和寄生卵大规模饲养方案的卵块的制备方法。24 h）或2）一个新鲜的鸡蛋块或在-40°C（<1 h）冷冻的鸡蛋块。保持所有裸露的卵块以评估子代出苗。在觅食生物测定中，保温温度和保存时间似乎会影响寄主的发现和寄主的质量。保持在-80°C的卵块和新鲜的卵块与保持在-20°C的卵相比，导致寄生虫和后代出苗的水平明显更高。保持在-40°C≤1 h的鸡蛋块与新鲜鸡蛋块之间没有差异。这些结果将有助于改进用于前哨监测和寄生卵大规模饲养方案的卵块的制备方法。24 h）或2）一个新鲜的鸡蛋块或在-40°C（<1 h）冷冻的鸡蛋块。保持所有裸露的卵块以评估子代出苗。在觅食生物测定中，保温温度和保存时间似乎会影响寄主的发现和寄主的质量。保持在-80°C的卵块和新鲜的卵块与保持在-20°C的卵相比，导致寄生虫和后代出苗的水平明显更高。保持在-40°C≤1 h的鸡蛋块与新鲜鸡蛋块之间没有差异。这些结果将有助于改进用于前哨监测和寄生卵大规模饲养方案的卵块的制备方法。保持温度和储存时间似乎会影响寄主的发现和寄主的质量。保持在-80°C的卵块和新鲜的卵块与保持在-20°C的卵相比，导致寄生虫和后代出苗的水平明显更高。保持在-40°C≤1 h的鸡蛋块与新鲜鸡蛋块之间没有差异。这些结果将有助于改进用于前哨监测和寄生卵大规模饲养方案的卵块的制备方法。保持温度和储存时间似乎会影响寄主的发现和寄主的质量。保持在-80°C的卵块和新鲜的卵块与保持在-20°C的卵相比，导致寄生虫和后代出苗的水平明显更高。保持在-40°C≤1 h的鸡蛋块与新鲜鸡蛋块之间没有差异。这些结果将有助于改进用于前哨监测和寄生卵大规模饲养方案的卵块的制备方法。