This study developed updated emission inventories for 2010, 2015, and 2019 base-year for road transportation in Vietnam with future projections for 2020, 2025, and 2030. In general (2019 base-year), motorcycles contributed a substantial CO, NMVOC, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, OC, and CH₄ (~53%–89%), while BC, NOx, and SO₂ were mostly from diesel-powered trucks (~42%–76.3%). The countrywide emission contributions from two rapidly growing cities (Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh [HCM]) were estimated to be 11%–16.2% and 16.6%–20.2%, respectively, and CO₂ was found to be the leading pollutant that contributes to the overall Global Warming Potential (41% of CO₂e) in Vietnam. In terms of future emission projections, the suggested or planned policy interventions (i.e., banning motorcycles, improved fuel quality, introducing electric vehicles, and public transportation) are expected to lead to 11%–125% (compared to Business As Usual) emission reductions in 2030, pushing Vietnam a step toward environmental sustainability.

中文翻译：

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制定道路排放清单并评估越南未来减排以实现可持续性的政策干预

本研究开发了 2010 年、2015 年和 2019 年越南公路运输基准年的最新排放清单，并对 2020 年、2025 年和 2030 年进行了未来预测。总体而言（2019 年基准年），摩托车贡献了大量的 CO、NMVOC、PM ₁₀、PM _2.5、OC 和 CH ₄ (~53%–89%)，而 BC、NOx 和 SO ₂主要来自柴油动力卡车 (~42%–76.3%)。来自两个快速增长的城市（河内和胡志明 [HCM]）的全国排放贡献估计分别为 11%–16.2% 和 16.6%–20.2%，并且发现 CO ₂是导致全球变暖潜能值（CO _{2的 41%}e) 在越南。在未来的排放预测方面，建议或计划的政策干预措施（即禁止摩托车、改善燃料质量、引入电动汽车和公共交通）预计将导致 11%–125%（与一切照旧相比）减排到 2030 年，推动越南向环境可持续发展迈出一步。