The transformation of Ag⁺ is strongly correlated with its risks in aquatic environment. Considering the wide application of molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and the inevitable release into the environment, the effects of MoS₂ on Ag⁺ transformation and toxicity are of great concerns. This study revealed the pH−dependent reduction of Ag⁺ (0.5 mM) to Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) by MoS₂ (50 mg/L) and solar irradiation obviously accelerates the AgNPs formation (2.638 mg/L per day, pH=7.0) compared with dark condition (0.637 mg/L per day), ascribing to the electrons capture from electron−hole pairs of MoS₂ by Ag⁺. Ionic strengths and natural organic matter decreased the AgNPs yield. Metallic 1 T phase of MoS₂ primarily participated in AgNPs formation and was oxidized to soluble ions (MoO₄²⁻) due to the oxygen generation in valance band. The above processes also occurred between Ag⁺ and MoS₂ at environmentally relevant concentrations. Further, photoinduced transformation of Ag⁺ by MoS₂ (10−100 μg/L) significantly lowered its toxicity to freshwater algae. The AgNPs formation on MoS₂ reduced the bioavailability of Ag⁺ to algae, which was the mechanism for attenuated Ag⁺ toxicity. The provided data are helpful for better understanding the roles of MoS₂ on the environmental fates and risks of metal ions under natural conditions.

Ag ⁺的转化与其在水生环境中的风险密切相关。考虑到二硫化钼（MoS ₂）的广泛应用和不可避免的释放到环境中，MoS ₂对Ag ⁺转化和毒性的影响备受关注。该研究表明，MoS ₂ (50 mg/L) 和太阳照射明显加速了 AgNPs 的形成（每天 2.638 mg/L，pH=7.0），Ag ⁺ (0.5  mM) 到 Ag 纳米颗粒 (AgNPs)的 pH 依赖性还原与黑暗条件（每天0.637 mg/L）相比，归因于Ag从 MoS ₂的电子-空穴对中捕获电子   ⁺。离子强度和天然有机物降低了 AgNPs 的产量。 MoS _{2 的}金属 1 T 相主要参与 AgNPs 的形成，并由于价带中的氧生成而被氧化为可溶性离子 (MoO ₄ ^2- )。上述过程也在环境相关浓度的Ag ⁺和 MoS ₂之间发生。此外，MoS ₂ (10-100 μg/L)对Ag ⁺的光诱导转化显着降低了其对淡水藻类的毒性。在 MoS ₂上形成的 AgNPs降低了 Ag ⁺对藻类的生物利用度，这是衰减 Ag ⁺的机制 毒性。所提供的数据有助于更好地理解 MoS ₂在自然条件下对环境归宿和金属离子风险的作用。