This study utilized a facile and scalable one-pot wet impregnation method for Hg(II) adsorption to prepare sulfur-anchored palm shell waste activated carbon powder (PSAC-S). The experimental results revealed that the sulfur precursors promote the surface charge on the PSAC and enhance Hg(II) removal via the Na₂S > Na₂S₂O₄ > CH₃CSNH₂ sequence. PSAC-S prepared using Na₂S had significant Hg(II) sorption efficiencies, achieving a maximum sorption capacity of 136 mg g⁻¹ from the Freundlich model. Compared to PSAC, PSAC-S had an enhancement in Hg(II) sorption behavior for heterogeneous interactions with sulfur. PSAC-S also demonstrated high Hg(II) sorption capacities over a wide range of solution pH, while ionic strength had an insignificant impact on Hg(II) removal efficiencies. Through various spectroscopic analyses, we identified the mechanisms of Hg(II) removal by PSAC-S as electrostatic interactions, Hg-Cl complexation, and precipitation as HgSO₄. Moreover, PSAC-S unveiled high adsorption affinity and Hg(II) stability in actual groundwater (even in µg L⁻¹ level). These overall results show the potentials of PSAC-S as an alternative, easily scalable material for in-situ Hg(II) remediation.

这项研究利用一种简便且可扩展的一锅湿法浸渍Hg（II）的方法来制备硫磺锚定的棕榈壳废活性炭粉（PSAC-S）。实验结果表明，硫前体通过Na ₂ S> Na ₂ S ₂ O ₄ > CH ₃ CSNH ₂序列促进PSAC上的表面电荷并增强Hg（II）的去除。使用Na ₂ S制备的PSAC-S具有显着的Hg（II）吸附效率，最大吸附容量为136 mg g ^-1来自Freundlich模型。与PSAC相比，PSAC-S的Hg（II）吸附行为增强，可与硫发生异质相互作用。PSAC-S还显示了在溶液pH的宽范围内都具有很高的Hg（II）吸附能力，而离子强度对Hg（II）的去除效率影响不大。通过各种光谱分析，我们确定了PSAC-S去除Hg（II）的机理为静电相互作用，Hg-Cl络合和沉淀为HgSO ₄。此外，PSAC-S在实际地下水中（甚至在µg L ^-1水平下）还具有很高的吸附亲和力和Hg（II）稳定性。这些总体结果表明，PSAC-S作为替代性，易于扩展的原位Hg（II）修复材料的潜力。