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Vibrational noise from wind energy-turbines negatively impacts earthworm abundance
Oikos ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-07 , DOI: 10.1111/oik.08166
Estefania Velilla 1 , Eleanor Collinson 1 , Laura Bellato 1 , Matty P. Berg 1, 2 , Wouter Halfwerk 1
Affiliation  

Human activities often impact the sensory environment of organisms. Wind energy turbines are a fast-growing potential source of anthropogenic vibrational noise that can affect soil animals sensitive to vibrations and thereby alter soil community functioning. Larger soil animals, such as earthworms (macrofauna, > 1 cm in size), are particularly likely to be impacted by the low-frequency turbine waves that can travel through soils over large distances. Here we examine the effect of wind turbine-induced vibrational noise on the abundance of soil animals. We measured vibrational noise generated by seven different turbines located in organically-farmed crop fields in the Netherlands. Vibratory noise levels dropped by an average of 23 ± 7 dB over a distance of 200 m away from the wind turbines. Earthworm abundance showed a strong decrease with increasing vibratory noise. When comparing the nearest sampling points in proximity of the wind energy turbines with the points furthest away, abundance dropped on average by 40% across all seven fields. The abundance of small-sized soil animals (mesofauna, < 10 mm in size) differed between crop fields, but was not related to local noise levels. Our results suggest that anthropogenic vibratory noise levels can impact larger soil fauna, which has important consequences for soil functioning. Earthworms, for instance, are considered to be crucial ecosystem engineers and an impact on their abundance, survival and reproduction may have knock-on effects on important processes such as water filtration, nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration.

中文翻译:

来自风能涡轮机的振动噪声对蚯蚓丰度产生负面影响

人类活动经常影响生物体的感官环境。风能涡轮机是一种快速增长的潜在人为振动噪声源,可影响对振动敏感的土壤动物,从而改变土壤群落功能。较大的土壤动物,例如蚯蚓(大型动物,体型大于 1 厘米),特别容易受到低频涡轮波的影响,这种波可以长距离穿过土壤。在这里,我们研究了风力涡轮机引起的振动噪声对土壤动物数量的影响。我们测量了位于荷兰有机农田的七台不同涡轮机产生的振动噪声。在距风力涡轮机 200 m 的距离内,振动噪声水平平均下降了 23 ± 7 dB。蚯蚓丰度随着振动噪声的增加而显着下降。将风能涡轮机附近最近的采样点与最远的点进行比较时,所有七个领域的丰度平均下降了 40%。小型土壤动物(中型动物,体型小于 10 毫米)的丰度因农田而异,但与当地的噪音水平无关。我们的结果表明,人为振动噪声水平会影响更大的土壤动物群,这对土壤功能有重要影响。例如,蚯蚓被认为是至关重要的生态系统工程师,对它们的丰度、生存和繁殖的影响可能会对水过滤、养分循环和碳封存等重要过程产生连锁反应。将风能涡轮机附近最近的采样点与最远的点进行比较时,所有七个领域的丰度平均下降了 40%。小型土壤动物(中型动物,体型小于 10 毫米)的丰度因农田而异,但与当地的噪音水平无关。我们的结果表明,人为振动噪声水平会影响更大的土壤动物群,这对土壤功能有重要影响。例如,蚯蚓被认为是至关重要的生态系统工程师,对它们的丰度、生存和繁殖的影响可能会对水过滤、养分循环和碳封存等重要过程产生连锁反应。将风能涡轮机附近最近的采样点与最远的点进行比较时,所有七个领域的丰度平均下降了 40%。小型土壤动物(中型动物,体型小于 10 毫米)的丰度因农田而异,但与当地的噪音水平无关。我们的结果表明,人为振动噪声水平会影响更大的土壤动物群,这对土壤功能有重要影响。例如,蚯蚓被认为是至关重要的生态系统工程师,对它们的丰度、生存和繁殖的影响可能会对水过滤、养分循环和碳封存等重要过程产生连锁反应。小型土壤动物(中型动物,体型小于 10 毫米)的丰度因农田而异,但与当地的噪音水平无关。我们的结果表明,人为振动噪声水平会影响更大的土壤动物群,这对土壤功能有重要影响。例如,蚯蚓被认为是至关重要的生态系统工程师,对它们的丰度、生存和繁殖的影响可能会对水过滤、养分循环和碳封存等重要过程产生连锁反应。小型土壤动物(中型动物,体型小于 10 毫米)的丰度因农田而异,但与当地的噪音水平无关。我们的结果表明,人为振动噪声水平会影响更大的土壤动物群,这对土壤功能有重要影响。例如,蚯蚓被认为是至关重要的生态系统工程师,对它们的丰度、生存和繁殖的影响可能会对水过滤、养分循环和碳封存等重要过程产生连锁反应。
更新日期:2021-06-01
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