Specialists in forest fire extinguishing consider special fire retardants (solutions, suspensions, and emulsions), in addition to water, to be the promising. When discharged from aircrafts, these agents show greater efficiency in suppressing combustion and preventing ignition of forest materials compared to water. However, such agents have been developed through trial and error so far, because no general theory of the effect of aqueous suspensions, solutions, and emulsions on combustion has been developed yet. In addition, there have not been any experimental data to develop physical and mathematical models of processes when a combustion front acts on forest materials after their wetting by special aqueous compositions. In this paper, we studied the wetting behavior of water and four special fire retardants (bentonite suspension, bischofite solution, fire-extinguishing solution FES-5, and foam agent emulsion) on surfaces of leaves, branches, and needles. The lifetimes and evaporation rates of droplets of fire retardants from the leaf surface were determined at 50–110°С. The differences were established in the evaporation rate of droplets of typical fire retardants and water without additives. With identical initial droplet sizes of fire-extinguishing suspension, emulsion and solutions, their evaporation times differed significantly.

森林灭火专家认为，除水外，特殊的阻燃剂（溶液，悬浮液和乳液）是有前途的。当从飞机上排出时，与水相比，这些药剂在抑制燃烧和防止林木物质着火方面显示出更高的效率。然而，到目前为止，由于尚未开发出关于水悬浮液，溶液和乳剂对燃烧的影响的一般理论，因此已经通过反复试验开发了这种试剂。另外，当燃烧前沿通过特殊的水性组合物润湿森林材料后，当燃烧前沿作用于森林材料时，还没有任何实验数据来建立过程的物理和数学模型。在本文中，我们研究了水和四种特殊阻燃剂（膨润土悬浮液，叶片，树枝和针的表面上的重钙钛矿溶液，灭火溶液FES-5和泡沫剂乳液）。叶片表面的阻燃剂液滴的寿命和蒸发速率在50-110°С下确定。在没有添加添加剂的情况下，典型阻燃剂和水的液滴蒸发速率之间存在差异。在灭火悬浮液，乳液和溶液的初始液滴大小相同的情况下，它们的蒸发时间明显不同。在没有添加添加剂的情况下，典型阻燃剂和水的液滴蒸发速率之间存在差异。在灭火悬浮液，乳液和溶液的初始液滴大小相同的情况下，它们的蒸发时间明显不同。在没有添加添加剂的情况下，典型阻燃剂和水的液滴蒸发速率之间存在差异。在灭火悬浮液，乳液和溶液的初始液滴大小相同的情况下，它们的蒸发时间明显不同。