Consumer-level 3D printers are becoming increasingly prevalent in home settings. However, research shows that printing with these desktop 3D printers can impact indoor air quality (IAQ). This study examined particulate matter (PM) emissions generated by 3D printers in an indoor domestic setting. Print filament type, brand, and color were investigated and shown to all have significant impacts on the PM emission profiles over time. For example, emission rates were observed to vary by up to 150-fold, depending on the brand of a specific filament being used. Various printer settings (e.g., fan speed, infill density, extruder temperature) were also investigated. This study identifies that high levels of PM are triggered by the filament heating process and that accessible, user-controlled print settings can be used to modulate the PM emission from the 3D printing process. Considering these findings, a low-cost home IAQ sensor was evaluated as a potential means to enable a home user to monitor PM emissions from their 3D printing activities. This sensing approach was demonstrated to detect the timepoint where the onset of PM emission from a 3D print occurs. Therefore, these low-cost sensors could serve to inform the user when PM levels in the home become elevated significantly on account of this activity and furthermore, can indicate the time at which PM levels return to baseline after the printing process and/or after adding ventilation. By deploying such sensors at home, domestic users of 3D printers can assess the impact of filament type, color, and brand that they utilize on PM emissions, as well as be informed of how their selected print settings can impact their PM exposure levels.

中文翻译：

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在家庭环境中监控3D打印活动中的颗粒物排放

消费者级别的3D打印机在家庭环境中变得越来越普遍。但是，研究表明，使用这些台式3D打印机进行打印会影响室内空气质量（IAQ）。这项研究检查了室内室内环境中3D打印机产生的颗粒物（PM）排放。调查了打印灯丝的类型，品牌和颜色，发现它们随时间的推移都对PM排放曲线有重大影响。例如，根据所使用的特定灯丝的品牌，观察到的发射速率最多可变化150倍。还研究了各种打印机设置（例如，风扇速度，填充密度，挤出机温度）。这项研究发现，高水平的PM是由灯丝加热过程触发的，并且可以访问，用户控制的打印设置可用于调节3D打印过程中的PM排放。考虑到这些发现，对低成本家用IAQ传感器进行了评估，将其作为使家庭用户能够监控其3D打印活动中的PM排放的潜在手段。该感测方法已被证明可以检测3D打印中PM发射开始的时间点。因此，这些低成本的传感器可用于通知用户何时由于该活动而使房屋中的PM水平显着升高，此外，还可指示在打印过程之后和/或添加后PM水平返回基线的时间通风。通过在家中部署此类传感器，3D打印机的家庭用户可以评估他们利用的灯丝类型，颜色和品牌对PM排放的影响，