The Nero Lucano (NL) pig is a black coat colored breed characterized by a remarkable ability to adapt to the difficult territory and climatic conditions of Basilicata region in Southern Italy. In the second half of the twentieth century, technological innovation, agricultural evolution, new breeding methods and the demand for increasingly lean meat brought the breed almost to extinction. Only in 2001, thanks to local institutions such as: the Basilicata Region, the University of Basilicata, the Regional Breeders Association and the Medio Basento mountain community, the NL pig returned to populate the area with the consequent possibility to appreciate again its specific cured meat products. We analyzed the pedigrees recorded by the breeders and the Illumina Porcine SNP60 BeadChip genotypes in order to obtain the genetic structure of the NL pig. Results evidenced that this population is characterized by long mean generation intervals (up to 3.5 yr), low effective population size (down to 7.2) and high mean inbreeding coefficients (F_MOL = 0.53, F_ROH = 0.39). This picture highlights the low level of genetic variability and the critical issues to be faced for the complete recovery of this population.

中文翻译：

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Nero Lucano猪的品种：恢复和变异性

尼禄卢卡诺（NL）猪是黑色外套颜色的种猪，其特征是具有出色的适应能力，能够适应意大利南部巴斯利卡塔地区的艰难地区和气候条件。在20世纪下半叶，技术创新，农业发展，新的育种方法以及对越来越瘦肉的需求使该品种几乎灭绝。仅在2001年，由于当地机构如：巴斯利卡塔地区，巴斯利卡塔大学，区域育种者协会和梅迪奥·巴森托山区社区，NL猪才返回该地区，因此有可能再次欣赏其特定的腌制肉产品。我们分析了育种家记录的家谱和Illumina猪SNP60 BeadChip基因型，以获得NL猪的遗传结构。_MOL = 0.53，F _ROH = 0.39）。这张图片强调了遗传变异的低水平以及该种群的完全恢复将面临的关键问题。