The automatic tool changer (ATC) in computerized numerical control (CNC) milling machine often uses pneumatic dynamic sources. Friction in the pneumatic cylinder affects the ATC’s stopping position; this friction depends on many factors, including the air environment’s relative humidity and temperature. This paper presents the results of research on the effects of relative humidity (RH) and air temperature (T) on the stopping position of an ATC using a pneumatic cylinder. Studies were conducted at temperatures of 15∘C, 32∘C and 49∘C and relative humidity values of 51%, 75% and 99% for different speeds of the pneumatic cylinder (30, 50 and 100 mm/s). The results show that when the humidity increases from 51% to 99% and the temperature increases from 15∘C to 49∘C, the friction force decreases. The friction force is related to the relative humidity and temperature of the air. Thus, the deviation of the ATC’s stopping position depends on the relative humidity and temperature of the area under investigation.

中文翻译：

---

使用气缸时相对湿度和气温对数控机床自动换刀装置停止位置的影响

数控铣床中的自动换刀装置（ATC）常使用气动动力源。气缸内的摩擦影响 ATC 的停止位置；这种摩擦取决于许多因素，包括空气环境的相对湿度和温度。本文介绍了相对湿度 (RH) 和气温 (T) 对使用气缸的 ATC 停止位置影响的研究结果。研究是在温度为15∘C，32∘C 和49∘对于气缸的不同速度（30、50 和 100 mm/s），C 和相对湿度值分别为 51%、75% 和 99%。结果表明，当湿度从 51% 增加到 99%，温度从15∘C到49∘C、摩擦力减小。摩擦力与空气的相对湿度和温度有关。因此，ATC 停止位置的偏差取决于调查区域的相对湿度和温度。