Forest fire incidences in the Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, India are very common in summers. Pine and oak are the principal and dominant species of Himalayan subtropical forest and Himalayan temperate forest, respectively. Forest vegetation influences the physicochemical and biological properties of soil and forest fire in pine and oak forests may have a different effect on the physicochemical and biological properties of soil. Therefore, the present study was carried out to assess the impact of forest fire on soil microbial properties, enzymatic activity, and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties in the advent of forest fire in the pine and oak forests of the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand Himalaya, India. The soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, soil basal respiration, and acid phosphatase activity decreased, whereas dehydrogenase activity increased at burnt sites of both forest types. The overall change in soil microbial biomass carbon was 63 and 40% at the burnt oak forest and burnt pine forest, respectively. Dehydrogenase activity and acid phosphatase activity showed a strong positive correlation with soil organic matter (r = 0.8) and microbial indices, respectively. The ratio of soil microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen was reduced at burnt sites of both forest types. Factor analysis results showed that fire had a significant impact on soil characteristics. The soil basal respiration was linked with macro- and micronutrients at burnt sites, whereas at control sites, it was linked with physicochemical properties of soil along with nutrients. Forest fire had a significant impact on soil properties of both forest types. The impact of forest fire on soil microbial biomass carbon was stronger in the oak forest than in the pine forest. Forest type influenced soil enzymatic activity at burnt sites. The bacterial community was dominated over fungi in burnt sites of both forests. Soil microbial indices can be used as a selective measure to assess the impact of fire. Furthermore, forest type plays an important role in regulating the impact of forest fire on soil properties.

中文翻译：

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森林大火对印度北阿坎德邦喜马拉雅山橡木和松林土壤微生物生物量和酶活性的影响

在印度北阿坎德邦的喜马拉雅地区，森林火灾的发生在夏季非常普遍。松树和橡树分别是喜马拉雅亚热带森林和喜马拉雅温带森林的主要和主要物种。森林植被影响土壤的理化和生物学特性，松树林和橡树林中的森林火灾可能对土壤的理化和生物学特性产生不同的影响。因此，本研究旨在评估在北阿坎德邦喜马拉雅山加尔瓦尔地区的松树林和橡树林中，森林火灾对森林火灾对土壤微生物特性，酶活性及其与土壤理化特性的关系的影响，印度。土壤微生物量碳氮，土壤基础呼吸和酸性磷酸酶活性下降，脱氢酶活性在两种类型的森林中都增加了。烧过的橡树林和烧过的松树林中土壤微生物生物量碳的总体变化分别为63％和40％。脱氢酶活性和酸性磷酸酶活性分别与土壤有机质（r = 0.8）和微生物指标呈显着正相关。在两种森林类型的烧毁地点，土壤微生物生物量碳/氮的比率都降低了。因子分析结果表明，火灾对土壤特性有重大影响。土壤基础呼吸与燃烧部位的大量和微量营养素有关，而在对照部位，其与营养素以及土壤的理化性质有关。森林火灾对两种森林类型的土壤特性都有重大影响。橡木林的森林火灾对土壤微生物生物量碳的影响强于松林。森林类型影响了烧伤地土壤的酶活性。在这两个森林的烧毁地点中，细菌群落占主导地位的是真菌。土壤微生物指标可以用作评估火灾影响的一种选择性措施。此外，森林类型在调节森林火灾对土壤特性的影响方面起着重要作用。