Abstract

Pesticides have a number of significant benefits to humans with improved crop yield and controlled vector populations. The pesticides such as organochlorines, organophosphates and carbamates cause toxicity by either targeting the nervous system of the prospective pests or by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Because humans are also exposed to them in the runaway process, there is an increasing risk of toxicity such as neurotoxicity or carcinogenicity. Apart from altering signal transduction pathways, disruption of protein phosphorylating pathways, hormonal impairment, etc., the pesticides interact with proteins, which may lead to various unexplored physiological consequences. Focusing on pesticides induced neurotoxicity, the interaction of pesticides with human serum albumin (HSA) and anti-proteinase alpha-2-macroglobulin (α₂M) has been discussed in the review article. The article presents a possible unexplored mechanism of neurotoxicity of pesticides and their interaction with α₂M, as it has a defensive role in the clearance of beta amyloid plaques in brain. This review also focuses on the possibilities of pesticide interaction with other non-plasma proteins leading to unknown biological consequences yet to be investigated.

摘要

农药对人类有许多显着的好处，可以提高作物产量并控制病媒种群。有机氯、有机磷酸酯和氨基甲酸酯等农药通过靶向潜在害虫的神经系统或产生活性氧（ROS）而产生毒性。由于人类在失控过程中也会接触到它们，因此神经毒性或致癌性等毒性风险不断增加。除了改变信号转导途径、破坏蛋白质磷酸化途径、激素损伤等之外，农药还与蛋白质相互作用，可能导致各种未探索的生理后果。重点研究农药引起的神经毒性、农药与人血清白蛋白（HSA）和抗蛋白酶α-2-巨球蛋白（α₂ M）已在评论文章中进行了讨论。该文章提出了一种可能尚未探索的农药神经毒性机制及其与 α ₂ M 的相互作用，因为它在清除大脑中 β 淀粉样蛋白斑块方面具有防御作用。本综述还重点关注农药与其他非血浆蛋白相互作用导致未知生物学后果的可能性，尚待研究。