Solving the matter of traditional energy consumption and finding the proper alternative resources are vital keys to a sustainable development policy. In recent years, many different thermal insulation materials have been developed for better energy efficiency and less environment damage. These products have confirmed their usefulness in buildings due to their benefits such as low density, high thermal resistance, and cost effectiveness. The efficiency of thermal insulation depends on their thermal conductivity and their ability to maintain their thermal characteristics over a period of time. This study presents factors influencing the thermal conductivity coefficient of three main groups including conventional, alternative, and new advanced materials. The most common factors are moisture content, temperature difference, and bulk density. Other factors are explained in some dependent studies such as airflow velocity, thickness, pressure, and material aging. The relationship between the thermal conductivity values with the mean temperature, moisture content, and density which were obtained from experimental investigation has also been summarized. Finally, uncertainty about the thermal conductivity value of some common insulation materials is also reviewed as the basis of selecting or designing the products used in building envelopes.

解决传统能源消耗问题并找到适当的替代资源是可持续发展政策的关键。近年来，已经开发出许多不同的绝热材料以提高能源效率并减少对环境的破坏。这些产品由于具有诸如低密度，高耐热性和成本效益之类的优势，已经证实了其在建筑物中的有用性。隔热的效率取决于它们的热导率以及它们在一段时间内保持其热特性的能力。这项研究提出了影响三个主要类别的导热系数的因素，包括传统的，替代的和新的先进材料。最常见的因素是水分含量，温差和堆积密度。在一些相关研究中还解释了其他因素，例如气流速度，厚度，压力和材料老化。还总结了通过实验研究获得的热导率值与平均温度，水分含量和密度之间的关系。最后，作为一些选择或设计用于建筑围护结构的产品的基础，还对一些常见隔热材料的导热系数值的不确定性进行了审查。