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Floral development and morphology of the mistletoe Antidaphne viscoidea: a case of extreme flower reduction in the sandalwood family (Santalaceae)
Australian Journal of Botany ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-04 , DOI: 10.1071/bt21010
Favio González , Vanessa Suaza-Gaviria , Natalia Pabón-Mora

Flowers in the Antidaphne genus are among the smallest in family Santalaceae. We traced the development and morphology of flowers in A. viscoidea and compared them with those in other members of the family. Both staminate and carpellate inflorescences proliferate through collateral and serial buds, and become dimorphic when fully elongated. The former are short racemes with a terete axes and a protective, cup-like distalmost bract; the latter are spikes with flattened, furrowed and longer axes with a leafy, non-protective bract. The staminate flowers (traditionally described as apetalous) initiate from transversely flattened primordia, from which 3–5 stamens initiate opposite to variously reduced petals in an abaxial-to-adaxial direction. A massive, intrastaminal, lobed nectariferous disc, likely gynoecium-derived, is formed, with the lobes alternate to the stamens. The carpellate flowers initiate from radially symmetric primordia; they also possess three or four perianth organs. Floral monosymmetry of staminate flowers is likely due to mechanical constraint rather than to floral reduction. Our data support the current phylogenetic relationship between Antidaphne and the neotropical genera Eubrachion and Lepidoceras, all having unisexual flowers, lacking trichomes between the petals and stamens, sessile stigmas, and baccate fruits. The nectariferous disc is likely apomorphic for Santalaceae.



中文翻译:

槲寄生Antidaphne viscoidea的花发育和形态:檀香科(檀香科)中极端减花的案例

Antidaphne属的花朵是Santalaceae家族中最小的花朵之一。我们追踪了粘胶草中花的发育和形态并将其与家庭其他成员进行比较。固定和鳞片状花序都通过侧枝和连续芽繁殖,并在完全伸长时变成二态。前者是短的总状花序,有圆柱状的轴和保护性的杯状最most片。后者是带有扁平,犁状和较长轴的穗状花序,具叶状,无保护性的片。雄蕊花(传统上称为花瓣)始于横向扁平的原基,从中3-5个雄蕊在背面到背面方向上与不同缩小的花瓣相反地开始。形成一个巨大的,剑突内的,裂片状的花蜜盘,可能是由妇科产生的,裂片与雄蕊互生。蝶形花从径向对称的原基萌生。它们还具有三个或四个花被器官。寄主花的花单对称性可能是由于机械限制而不是由于花减少。我们的数据支持了当前的系统发育关系Antidaphne和新热带属EubrachionLepidoceras均具有单性花,花瓣和雄蕊之间无毛,无梗的柱头和具芽状的果实。蜜腺盘可能对于Santalaceae而言是亚种的。

更新日期:2021-05-07
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