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Reverse-transcribed SARS-CoV-2 RNA can integrate into the genome of cultured human cells and can be expressed in patient-derived tissues [Medical Sciences]
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-25 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2105968118
Liguo Zhang 1 , Alexsia Richards 1 , M Inmaculada Barrasa 1 , Stephen H Hughes 2 , Richard A Young 1, 3 , Rudolf Jaenisch 3, 4
Affiliation  

Prolonged detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA and recurrence of PCR-positive tests have been widely reported in patients after recovery from COVID-19, but some of these patients do not appear to shed infectious virus. We investigated the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 RNAs can be reverse-transcribed and integrated into the DNA of human cells in culture and that transcription of the integrated sequences might account for some of the positive PCR tests seen in patients. In support of this hypothesis, we found that DNA copies of SARS-CoV-2 sequences can be integrated into the genome of infected human cells. We found target site duplications flanking the viral sequences and consensus LINE1 endonuclease recognition sequences at the integration sites, consistent with a LINE1 retrotransposon-mediated, target-primed reverse transcription and retroposition mechanism. We also found, in some patient-derived tissues, evidence suggesting that a large fraction of the viral sequences is transcribed from integrated DNA copies of viral sequences, generating viral–host chimeric transcripts. The integration and transcription of viral sequences may thus contribute to the detection of viral RNA by PCR in patients after infection and clinical recovery. Because we have detected only subgenomic sequences derived mainly from the 3′ end of the viral genome integrated into the DNA of the host cell, infectious virus cannot be produced from the integrated subgenomic SARS-CoV-2 sequences.



中文翻译:

逆转录 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 可以整合到培养的人类细胞的基因组中,并可以在患者来源的组织中表达 [医学科学]

在从 COVID-19 康复后的患者中广泛报道了严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA 的长期检测和 PCR 阳性检测的复发,但其中一些患者似乎没有传播传染性病毒。我们研究了 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 可以被逆转录并整合到培养的人类细胞 DNA 中的可能性,并且整合序列的转录可能是在患者身上看到的一些阳性 PCR 测试的原因。为了支持这一假设,我们发现 SARS-CoV-2 序列的 DNA 拷贝可以整合到受感染人类细胞的基因组中。我们在整合位点发现病毒序列和共有 LINE1 内切核酸酶识别序列两侧的靶位点重复,与 LINE1 逆转录转座子介导的一致,靶标引发的逆转录和逆位机制。我们还发现,在一些源自患者的组织中,有证据表明大部分病毒序列是从病毒序列的整合 DNA 拷贝中转录的,从而产生病毒-宿主嵌合转录物。因此,病毒序列的整合和转录可能有助于在感染和临床康复后的患者中通过 PCR 检测病毒 RNA。由于我们仅检测到主要来自整合到宿主细胞 DNA 中的病毒基因组 3' 端的亚基因组序列,因此无法从整合的亚基因组 SARS-CoV-2 序列中产生感染性病毒。有证据表明大部分病毒序列是从病毒序列的整合 DNA 拷贝中转录的,从而产生病毒-宿主嵌合转录本。因此,病毒序列的整合和转录可能有助于在感染和临床康复后的患者中通过 PCR 检测病毒 RNA。由于我们仅检测到主要来自整合到宿主细胞 DNA 中的病毒基因组 3' 端的亚基因组序列,因此无法从整合的亚基因组 SARS-CoV-2 序列中产生感染性病毒。有证据表明大部分病毒序列是从病毒序列的整合 DNA 拷贝中转录的,从而产生病毒-宿主嵌合转录本。因此,病毒序列的整合和转录可能有助于在感染和临床康复后的患者中通过 PCR 检测病毒 RNA。由于我们仅检测到主要来自整合到宿主细胞 DNA 中的病毒基因组 3' 端的亚基因组序列,因此无法从整合的亚基因组 SARS-CoV-2 序列中产生感染性病毒。

更新日期:2021-05-07
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