Sprint technical training, named the catapult start, is defined as partner assisted pulling of the hip backward at the set position and during block clearance, released by the forward motion of the athlete. This study investigated the characteristics of the catapult start and its influence on the following sprint start performance. Fourteen male sprinters performed a single 15-m control, catapult, and post-catapult sprint starts, during which ground reaction forces (GRFs) were measured using force platforms. All measured GRF variables during the block clearance, except for the impulses and mean forces on the front block and ratio of force for the rear block, were greater in the catapult start than the control (effect size [ES]=0.52–2.09). Waveform analyses revealed that the rear block anteroposterior GRF was greater for the catapult start than the control during the initial, middle and final phases (0 to 20%, 40 to 61% and 95 to 100%) of block clearance, while the rear block ratio of force was greater for the catapult start until 13% of block clearance. The catapult start resulted in greater rear block ratio of force (ES = 0.28), faster 10-m sprint time (ES = 0.31) and greater average horizontal external power during the initial 10-m (ES = 0.25) at the post-catapult trial. The results suggest that the catapult start can be accompanied with greater force production mainly for the rear block regardless of direction during the block clearance, and it can improve post-catapult sprint start performance in terms of the rear block ratio of force and 10-m sprint time.

短跑技术训练，称为弹射器起步，被定义为在运动员的向前运动释放时，伙伴在设定位置和障碍物清除过程中协助臀部向后拉。这项研究调查了弹射起步的特性及其对随后短跑起跑性能的影响。14名男性短跑运动员进行了15米的单次控制，弹射和触后阶段的短跑，在此期间，使用力平台测量了地面反作用力（GRF）。弹射器起步时，除前块上的脉冲和平均力以及后块上的力比外，所有在块清除期间测得的GRF变量均大于对照（效果大小[ES] = 0.52–2.09）。波形分析显示，弹射器开始时，后方阻滞前后GRF在阻滞间隙的初始，中间和最终阶段（0至20％，40至61％和95至100％）比对照更大，而后方阻滞弹射器开始之前的力比更大，直到达到块间隙的13％。弹射器的开始导致了后弹起时最初的10 m（ES = 0.25）期间更大的后方阻挡力比（ES = 0.28），更快的10米短跑时间（ES = 0.31）和更大的平均水平外部力量审判。结果表明，弹射器启动可以伴随着更大的力产生，主要针对后挡块，而无论挡块间隙的方向如何，并且从后挡块的力比和10-m角度来看，它都可以改善弹弓后冲刺的起跑性能。冲刺时间。