Pyroptosis is a new type of pro-inflammatory programmed cell death identified over the last few years and has since attracted researchers' attention. Current research demonstrates that pyroptosis's primary process is dependent on caspase-1 protein and gasdermin D protein and is accompanied by the release of inflammatory substances. However, the specific mechanisms and physiological or pathophysiological processes involved in pyroptosis are unclear. Presently, research on the occurrence, development, and treatment of various diseases associated with pyroptosis is of significant value. Pyroptosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. For instance, numerous studies have revealed that pyroptosis is involved in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and it is closely associated with pyroptosis of three essential cells (vascular endothelial cells, macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells) in atherosclerosis. The advancement of research on pyroptosis is anticipated to give insights into its application as a potential method for treating diseases. This article mainly reviews the relationship between pyroptosis and associated mechanisms factors that cause pyroptosis and the relationship between pyroptosis and various diseases, especially atherosclerosis.

细胞焦亡是过去几年中发现的一种新型促炎程序性细胞死亡，此后引起了研究人员的注意。目前的研究表明，细胞焦亡的主要过程依赖于caspase-1蛋白和gasdermin D蛋白，并伴有炎症物质的释放。然而，细胞焦亡所涉及的具体机制和生理或病理生理过程尚不清楚。目前，研究与细胞焦亡相关的各种疾病的发生、发展和治疗具有重要价值。焦亡与动脉粥样硬化的发病机制有关。例如，大量研究表明细胞焦亡参与了动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展，它与动脉粥样硬化中三种必需细胞（血管内皮细胞、巨噬细胞和血管平滑肌细胞）的焦亡密切相关。预计焦亡研究的进展将深入了解其作为治疗疾病的潜在方法的应用。本文主要综述了焦亡与引起焦亡的相关机制因素的关系，以及焦亡与各种疾病，尤其是动脉粥样硬化的关系。